公用網(wǎng)格技術(shù)研究與Petri網(wǎng)格計(jì)算機(jī)構(gòu)造

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論文摘要
網(wǎng)格是近年來出現(xiàn)的一組架構(gòu)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)之上的新興技術(shù)，旨在支持虛擬組織的資源共享與協(xié)同工作。人們普遍認(rèn)為網(wǎng)格就是下一代軟件技術(shù)，但對網(wǎng)格“革命性體系結(jié)構(gòu)”的構(gòu)成、網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用的性質(zhì)和網(wǎng)格發(fā)展道路等爭議很大。分析軟件史指出資源與服務(wù)是網(wǎng)格的兩個基本要素；分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展實(shí)踐及技術(shù)探索指出網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)是網(wǎng)格的事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，網(wǎng)格核心應(yīng)該是虛擬操作系統(tǒng)；重點(diǎn)分析網(wǎng)格基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的連通性以及虛擬操作系統(tǒng)的本質(zhì)安全性。介紹了網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用的開發(fā)方法。
在網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索技術(shù)中，P2P模式有C/S模式無可比擬的優(yōu)勢，網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源搜索是P2P基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)之一。定義資源搜索效率是應(yīng)答數(shù)與查詢消息總數(shù)的比值，是衡量搜索技術(shù)的基本技術(shù)指標(biāo)之一。網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界里存在著局部性現(xiàn)象，MRD是利用局部性原理的網(wǎng)格資源高效搜索方法。理論證明和模擬分析表明，MRD技術(shù)比傳統(tǒng)改良Flooding方法平均提高至少2個數(shù)量級。
結(jié)合語義本體論，實(shí)現(xiàn)“精細(xì)、準(zhǔn)確和自動化”的網(wǎng)格資源深度搜索，是論文的主要工作?；赑2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)和本體論，設(shè)計(jì)了語用網(wǎng)，用語用網(wǎng)的“問-答”模式取代目前C/S網(wǎng)絡(luò)“關(guān)鍵字”法，是克服網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源爆炸問題的有效手段。理論分析和模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，語用網(wǎng)的“問-答”式精確搜索方法是下一代網(wǎng)格資源的有效搜索技術(shù)。
應(yīng)用Petri網(wǎng)原理（net theory），對公用網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用作基礎(chǔ)構(gòu)造與理論分析，深化擴(kuò)展Petri網(wǎng)的應(yīng)用范圍，探索網(wǎng)格技術(shù)的發(fā)展道路。網(wǎng)格的實(shí)質(zhì)是簡化和加快軟件應(yīng)用工程開發(fā)，網(wǎng)格基礎(chǔ)是網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)(Web Service)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和網(wǎng)格資源框架（WS-Resource Framework）提議。ISO15909標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義Petri網(wǎng)是分析和規(guī)范并發(fā)的動態(tài)離散系統(tǒng)的正式的、可視化的可執(zhí)行的建模技術(shù)。用Petri網(wǎng)原理，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)和網(wǎng)格資源基礎(chǔ)上，建構(gòu)Petri網(wǎng)格計(jì)算機(jī)模型，運(yùn)行Petri網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)。Petri網(wǎng)格包括數(shù)學(xué)語義模型和實(shí)踐使用的網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用開發(fā)界面的圖形建模符號語言。Petri網(wǎng)格的圖示化系統(tǒng)建模技術(shù)是軟件工業(yè)受歡迎的應(yīng)用開發(fā)方法，能有效地降低開發(fā)人員的專業(yè)知識門檻。以流量控制協(xié)議為例分析Petri網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用開發(fā)技術(shù)，并作相關(guān)討論。

Abstract
The Grid is an innovative model of distributed computing focusing on large-scale resource sharing for data processing, collaborative applications and high performance computing. Although grid is publicly considered the next-generation technology of the Internet, both its essence and development are issuable. Resource and service are two basic components of grid. Web service would be the infrastructure of grid, and virtual operating system its core technology. Connectivity is the basic characteristic of grid infrastructure, and security is the essence superiority of virtual grid OS. Grid infrastructure and virtual grid OS are studied emphatically, and the developing of grid application is described.
Peer-to-Peer systems have unexampled superiority to Client/Server networks on search technology. A high efficient search scheme for grid resource with locality principle is designed, whose name is multi-responders-domain, MRD as shortening. Owing to the information exploding, searching the internet information with currently search technology, flooding or FloodNet as a example, will receive increasingly manifold results, which are most invalidation.
Search efficiency is the ratio of the number of responders and of search messages, and it is basic criterion for evaluating search technology. Localities are basic phenomena in all huge systems, and also network. Theory proves and simulation analyses that MRD improves search efficiency as highly as 100 times.
A precise search scheme for grid resource based on semantic ontology is designed, whose name is pragmatics net. Owing to the information exploding, searching the internet information with currently search technology, google as a example, will receive increasingly manifold results, which are most invalidation. Pragmatics search with Pragmatics net will resolve this problem. The ‘Ask-Reply’ pattern of pragmatics search will replace the ‘keyword’ model in current technology of internet information search. As is shown by theory analyzing and simulation experiment, Pragmatics net is the efficiency technology of precise search scheme for grid resource in the future.
The basic constructional analysis of public grid application systems is discussed deeply with Petri net theory, enlarging the field of Petri net application, and exploring the development of grid technology. The essential of public grid is to simplify and quicken the development of software engineering of grid application, and the two basis of grid are Web Service Standard and WS-Resource Framework Proposal, on which the Petri grid computer is constructed with Petri net theory. Petri net is defined by ISO/IEC15909 as a formal, graphical, executable technique for the specification and analysis of concurrent, discrete-event dynamic systems. Petri grid computer can be defined by the basic mathematical semantic model, and is normally represented using a graphical form which allows visualization the correlations in context.

Keywords: grid infrastructure, grid operating system, P2P network, internet search, locality theory, semantic ontology, Petri-grid computer

關(guān)鍵字： 網(wǎng)格基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施；虛擬操作系統(tǒng)；P2P網(wǎng)絡(luò)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索；局部性原理；語義本體論；Petri網(wǎng)格計(jì)算機(jī)

目錄
論文摘要
Abstract
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究背景與意義
1.2 論文結(jié)構(gòu)
第二章 網(wǎng)格基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施與虛擬操作系統(tǒng)研究
2.1 引言
2.2 網(wǎng)格的基本軟件架構(gòu)
2.3 網(wǎng)格基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施及其連通性
2.4 網(wǎng)格操作系統(tǒng)及其安全性
2.5 網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用舉例
2.6 結(jié)論
第三章 利用局部性原理的網(wǎng)格資源高效搜索方法
3.1 引言
3.2 相關(guān)工作
3.3 MRD網(wǎng)格資源搜索方法
3.3.1 MRD方法原理
3.3.2 MRD-Cache表
3.4 MRD方法評價
3.4.1 理論分析
3.4.2 模擬評價
3.4.2.1 資源均勻分布情況下的比較
3.4.2.2 Power-Law下的比較
3.4.2.3 解決顫動問題
3.5 結(jié)論
第四章 基于語義本體論的網(wǎng)格資源精確搜索方法
4.1 引言
4.2 相關(guān)技術(shù)
4.2.1 p2p網(wǎng)絡(luò)
4.2.2語義本體論
4.3 語用搜索方法原理
4.3.1 Gnutella-flooding
4.3.2 小世界現(xiàn)象
4.3.3 基于節(jié)點(diǎn)語義本體論的精確搜索方法
4.4 簡單節(jié)點(diǎn)語義本體論
4.4.1 漢語本體論概要
4.4.2 節(jié)點(diǎn)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)
4.4.3 節(jié)點(diǎn)語義哈希路由表
4.5 PragmaticsNet系統(tǒng)分析與評價
4.5.1 系統(tǒng)拓?fù)浞治?br>4.5.2 系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行實(shí)例分析
4.5.3 促進(jìn)知識進(jìn)化
4.5.4 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)要點(diǎn)
4.5.5 與現(xiàn)有搜索系統(tǒng)的比較
4.6 結(jié)論
第五章 Petri網(wǎng)格計(jì)算機(jī)構(gòu)造
5.1 引言
5.2 TaoGrid網(wǎng)格基礎(chǔ)
5.2.1 網(wǎng)格本質(zhì)
5.2.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)Web Service
5.2.3 網(wǎng)格資源WS-Resource
5.3 Petri網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)
5.3.1 Petri網(wǎng)概念
5.3.2 ISO標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定義
5.4 Petri網(wǎng)格計(jì)算機(jī)
5.4.1 數(shù)學(xué)語義模型
5.4.2 圖形符號表示
5.4.2.1 圖形系統(tǒng)組成
5.4.2.2 圖形系統(tǒng)執(zhí)行
5.4.2.3 圖形系統(tǒng)符號
5.5 Petri網(wǎng)格應(yīng)用實(shí)例
5.5.1 應(yīng)用背景
5.5.2 集裝箱流量控制協(xié)議
5.5.3 應(yīng)用分析
5.6 相關(guān)討論
5.7 下一步工作
第六章 總結(jié)與展望
6.1 論文結(jié)語
6.2 我的主要工作
6.3 以后的工作
致 謝
參 考 文 獻(xiàn)

參 考 文 獻(xiàn)
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[26] 柴曉路Web Services專欄[EB/OL] -3 -10
[28] OGSA Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman, Jeffrey M. Nick and Steven Tuecke, “The Physiology of the Grid: An Open Grid Services Architecture for Distributed Systems Integration[EB/OL].” June 22, 2002. [24] OGSA. Ian Foster and D. Gannon, “The Open Grid Services Architecture Platform[EB/OL]”, Feb 16, 2003,
[29] Petri net theory 袁崇義 《 Petri網(wǎng)原理》[M] 電子工業(yè)出版社 1998-4
[30] Petri nets ISO15909 《高級Petri網(wǎng)的概念定義和圖形符號