均質(zhì)無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)屬性特征及其實(shí)證分析
1.2萬(wàn)字 32頁(yè)
包括開(kāi)題報(bào)告和任務(wù)書(shū)


摘要
無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)是能量受限的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，近年來(lái)發(fā)表的路由協(xié)議考慮了傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的節(jié)能問(wèn)題，但是未在重要程度不同的節(jié)點(diǎn)之間進(jìn)行區(qū)分。網(wǎng)絡(luò)中普遍存在著連接不同區(qū)域的一些節(jié)點(diǎn)，它們的失效會(huì)導(dǎo)致“傳感孤島”與“能量空洞”等現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)。相對(duì)于其他節(jié)點(diǎn)，這類(lèi)節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存期有著更大的影響，我們稱(chēng)之為關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)。本文從考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)能量的角度出發(fā)，給出了關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的三個(gè)屬性特征：流量因子、橋接因子、匯聚因子和兩種判斷關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的方式：利用能量模型判斷和在連通圖中判定關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn)，同時(shí)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬器NS2加以模擬驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的失效將對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的連通性造成嚴(yán)重影響，此時(shí)其他節(jié)點(diǎn)的能量還有大量剩余，因此我們可以對(duì)這些關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)采取不同的能量控制策略，以盡可能的延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命期。

關(guān)鍵詞：無(wú)線傳感網(wǎng)，關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真，NS2



The analysis and demonstration of articulation nodes’s
attribute characteristics in homogeneous wireless sensor networks

Abstract
Wireless sensor networks are the networks with limited power. The routing algorithms recently published which have considered the energy efficiency problem, however, do not distinguish the nodes with different significances. The nodes connecting different regions are widespread in the networks, their failure will bring on “sensor island” and “energy hole”. Relative to other nodes, such nodes have greater impact on the network’s lifetime, and we call them articulation nodes. Based on considering the energy of nodes, the paper gives three attribute chatacteristics: flow factor、bridging factor 、convergence factor，and two ways to find articulation nodes:using energy model to find and finding key nodes in the connected gragh. At the same time,we use network simulator NS2 to simulate and verify our analysis results. Experimental results show that the failure of nodes identified by the model will have a serious impact on the connectivity of the network. At this point the other nodes also have a large number of surplus energy. So, we can take different energy control strategy over the articulation nodes to achieve network lifetime as long as possible.

Key Words:wireless sensor network,articulation nodes,network simulation,NS2


目 錄

1.緒論 1
1.1課題的背景與目的 1
1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程和研究?jī)?nèi)容 2
2.關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn) 3
2.1關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的概念 3
2.2關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的屬性特征 4
2.2.1流量因子 4
2.2.2橋接因子 4
2.2.3匯聚因子 4
2.3關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的判定方式 5
2.3.1能量模型判定 5
2.3.2在連通圖中判定關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn) 6
3.網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬相關(guān)技術(shù) 7
3.1網(wǎng)絡(luò)仿真模擬器 7
3.2 NS2介紹 8
3.3 Tcl與Otcl介紹 10
4.模擬仿真 12
4.1模擬環(huán)境 12
4.2系統(tǒng)建模 12
4.3模擬過(guò)程及結(jié)果的分析 14
4.3.1定義sink節(jié)點(diǎn) 14
4.3.2定義普通節(jié)點(diǎn) 16
4.3.3創(chuàng)建模擬過(guò)程 18
4.3.4模擬結(jié)果分析 20
5.總結(jié) 27
6.致謝 28
7.參考文獻(xiàn) 29



參考文獻(xiàn)
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[3] J. Lian, K. Naik and G. B. Agnew, Data capacity improvement of wireless sensor networks using non-uniform sensor distribution[J], Intern. Journal of Distr. Sensor Networks, 2005, 12(6):69-73. .
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