低紋波高精度開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源設(shè)計(jì)

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摘要 隨著電子信息技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，多種多樣的電子產(chǎn)品層出不窮，在各種電子設(shè)備不斷更新?lián)Q代的同時(shí)，作為電子設(shè)備的心臟的電源也需要跟上腳步，新的時(shí)代要求電源模塊必須小型化、輕量化、以及高可靠性。目前，隨著電源技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，開關(guān)電源朝著高頻化、集成化邁進(jìn)。與線性穩(wěn)壓電源相比，雖然開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源的設(shè)計(jì)比較復(fù)雜，某些性能不如線性穩(wěn)壓電源，但是開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓器由于具有體積小、重量輕、效率高、性能穩(wěn)定等突出優(yōu)點(diǎn)而受到青睞，得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。
本文基于國內(nèi)外電源的相關(guān)資料的研究分析，基于STR-A6059H離線式PWM開關(guān)芯片設(shè)計(jì)的一種反激式開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源，并且可以隨著輸入電壓的變化而調(diào)節(jié)PWM輸出從而保證輸出電壓的穩(wěn)定。首先，研究了開關(guān)電源的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)，并且對(duì)反激式拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析，同時(shí)對(duì)開關(guān)電源的反饋控制的模式進(jìn)行了對(duì)比和選擇，簡(jiǎn)單描述PWM控制芯片STR-A6059的結(jié)構(gòu)，詳細(xì)介紹了本設(shè)計(jì)中芯片的外圍電路設(shè)計(jì)及系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)子電路設(shè)計(jì)，包括整流濾波電路、緩沖吸收電路等，分析了系統(tǒng)的整個(gè)原理框圖，并對(duì)其工作過程進(jìn)行了描述。最后結(jié)合上述的分析,對(duì)電源硬件電路進(jìn)行了搭建，并且對(duì)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了測(cè)試。
實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：所設(shè)計(jì)的開關(guān)電源穩(wěn)定性好，精確度高，紋波低，電壓調(diào)整率高、電磁兼容性好等特點(diǎn)，具有很高的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。

關(guān)鍵詞:開關(guān)電源；反激式；高頻變壓器；STR-A6059；反饋電路


Abstract With the development of the Electronic Information Technology, all kinds of electronic device are developing quickly. As the electronic devices are upgraded and updated, there has the new demand for the switching power supply in the electronic devices, it requires the power supply modulation to be miniaturization, light weight, and high reliability. At present, with the rapid development of power supply technology, switching power supply go toward the high-frequency integrated direction. Compared to linear regulators, switching power supply design is more complex，some indicators may not be good as linear regulator, and the noise is big,but because of its small size, light weight, high efficiency , stable performance and other prominent advantages, the high-frequency switching power supply is favored and used widely.
This paper designs the switching power supply based on STR-A6059 , which provides five output voltage and can adjust the PWM output to ensure stable output voltage as the input voltage changes, based on research and analysis of power-related information at home and abroad. Firstly, studies topology of the switching power supply and carries out a detailed analysis of the flyback topology.Feedback control mode of switching power supply is compared and choosed.The dissertation briefly describs the structure of the PWM control chip SRT-A6059,and illustrates peripheral circuit design of STR-A6059 in detail, including EMI suppression circuit, the rectifier circuit, snubber circuit. The entire block diagram of the system and a brief description of the work process are introduced. Finally, installs voltage hardware circuit and collects relevant data in the combination of the above analysis.
Experimental results show that: the design of switching power supply has stable output, low ripple, good voltage regulation,nice electromagnetic compatibility, etc,it has a high application value.
Keywords: Switching power supply; Flyback；High-frequency transformer;
STR-A6059; Feedback circuit

目 錄
第一章 緒 論 1
1.1開關(guān)電源的概論 1
1.1.1開關(guān)電源的結(jié)構(gòu) 1
1.1.2開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源的優(yōu)點(diǎn) 2
1.1.3開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源的缺點(diǎn) 2
1.2開關(guān)電源的背景及意義 2
1.2.1國際發(fā)展?fàn)顩r 2
1.2.2國內(nèi)發(fā)展情況 4
1.2.3開關(guān)電源的研究意義 4
1.3開關(guān)電源的種類 5
1.3.1按激勵(lì)方式劃分 5
1.3.2按調(diào)制方式劃分 5
1.3.3按功率開關(guān)管的連接方式劃分 5
1.3.4其他形式的劃分 6
1.4本文工作內(nèi)容及結(jié)構(gòu) 6
第二章 開關(guān)電源設(shè)計(jì)的理論基礎(chǔ) 8
2.1開關(guān)電源的基本原理 8
2.2開關(guān)電源常用拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) 8
2.2.1 BUCK型變換器 8
2.2.2 BOOST型變換器 9
2.2.3正激型變換器 10
2.2.4反激型變換器 11
2.2.5不同結(jié)構(gòu)變換器對(duì)比分析 12
2.3反激式變換器的各種參數(shù)的分析 13
2.3.1開關(guān)管VT1導(dǎo)通工作過程 15
2.3.2開關(guān)管VT1關(guān)閉工作過程 16
2.3.3電流斷續(xù)狀態(tài) 17
2.3.4臨界電流連續(xù)時(shí)的負(fù)載電流IOG 18
2.4 反激開關(guān)電源的控制反饋模式 18
2.4.1電壓控制模式 18
2.4.2電流控制模式 19
2.5 本章小結(jié) 20
第三章 反激式開關(guān)電源電路的設(shè)計(jì) 21
3.1開關(guān)電源的功能要求及性能指標(biāo) 21
3.2 開關(guān)電源的總體設(shè)計(jì) 21
3.2.1. 整流濾波電路 21
3.2.2 漏極鉗位保護(hù)電路 22
3.2.3 控制電路的控制芯片選型 23
3.2.4 反饋電路 24
3.2.5 輸出整流濾波電路 25
3.2.6 高頻變壓器的設(shè)計(jì) 25
3.3反激式開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源的總電路設(shè)計(jì) 30
3.4 本章小結(jié) 31
第四章 開關(guān)電源的搭建和調(diào)試 32
4.1開關(guān)電源PCB板的制作 32
4.2開關(guān)電源性能的測(cè)試 33
4.2.1 測(cè)試環(huán)境 33
4.2.2 各項(xiàng)性能測(cè)試的結(jié)果和分析 33
第五章 總結(jié)與展望 35
5.1 總結(jié) 35
5.1 展望 35
致 謝 36
參考文獻(xiàn) 37