微型機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計

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摘要 本文采用逆向工程，通過對目前市場有的家用小型車床CQ0618*300進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)反向分析，探索小型機(jī)床的機(jī)構(gòu)特征和設(shè)計方法。
我國是一個機(jī)床擁有量大、 大部分機(jī)床役齡長、數(shù)控化程度不高的發(fā)展中國家。因此，從事機(jī)床設(shè)計的人員，應(yīng)不斷地把經(jīng)過實踐檢驗的新理論、新技術(shù)、新方法應(yīng)用到設(shè)計中，做到既要技術(shù)先進(jìn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益好、效率高。要不斷的吸收國外的成功經(jīng)驗，做到既要符合我國國情，又要趕超國際水平。要不斷的開拓創(chuàng)新，設(shè)計和制造出更多的生產(chǎn)率高、靜態(tài)動態(tài)性能好、結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、使用方便、維修容易、造型美觀、耗能少、成本低的現(xiàn)代化機(jī)床。設(shè)計本著以上原則進(jìn)行，盡量向低成本、高效率、簡化操作、符合人機(jī)工程的方向考慮。
本文主要對機(jī)床底座，刀架，導(dǎo)軌，進(jìn)行設(shè)計和改進(jìn)，通過對車床切削力的計算，選擇出車床所需要的步進(jìn)電機(jī)和絲桿，從而將原有機(jī)床數(shù)控化改進(jìn)，對機(jī)床傳動系統(tǒng)改進(jìn)后，使得機(jī)床在單片機(jī)控制下實現(xiàn)無級變速，設(shè)計出一款國內(nèi)緊缺的微型的家庭用實惠的數(shù)控車床。
關(guān)鍵詞：微型車床 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 數(shù)控


The structural design of micro machine tools
Abstract In this paper, by using reverse engineering, through the analysis of the current market there is a small lathe household CQ0618*300 structure reverse, institution characteristics and design method of the small machine.
China is a country with large amount of machine tool, machine tool used for long, most of NC level is not high in developing countries. Therefore, the personnel engaged in machine tool design, should continue to put through the application of new theory, new technology, new method to design the test of practice, not only advanced technology, good economic returns, high efficiency. To absorb the successful experience of foreign countries constantly, so as to meet the conditions of our country, but also to catch up with international level. To constant innovation, design and manufacture of high productivity, good static and dynamic performance, simple structure, convenient use, easy repair, beautiful appearance, low energy consumption, low cost of modern machine tool. Design in line with the above principles, as far as possible to the low-cost, high efficiency, simple operation, consider ergonomic direction.
This paper focuses on the base of the machine tool, cutter, guide, design and improvement, based on Calculation of lathe cutting force, choose the lathe to step motor and a screw rod, which will improve the original NC machine tools, the improvement of the machine drive system, makes the machine to realize stepless speed under the control of the microcontroller, design a a domestic shortage of miniature household economical CNC lathe.
Keywords: micro machine tools structure design NC lathe

目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1機(jī)床工業(yè)與國民經(jīng)濟(jì) 1
1.2我國機(jī)床工業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3本文主要內(nèi)容 2
第二章 機(jī)床的總體設(shè)計 2
2.1機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu)布局設(shè)計 2
第三章 機(jī)床參數(shù)設(shè)計 2
3.1機(jī)床型號及其主要參數(shù) 3
3.2 車床詳情 3
3.3機(jī)床外觀 4
3.4傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床設(shè)計中參數(shù)設(shè)計方法 4
第四章 設(shè)計計算 5
4.1傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 5
4.1.1絲杠選擇 6
4.1 2切削力的計算 7
4.1.3 電機(jī)的選擇 8
4.1.4帶輪的設(shè)計 9
4.2導(dǎo)軌設(shè)計 11
4.2.1導(dǎo)軌的作用和設(shè)計要求 11
4.2.2導(dǎo)軌的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 12
第五章 機(jī)床支撐件設(shè)計 17
5.1機(jī)床底座設(shè)計 18
結(jié) 論 19
致 謝 20
參考文獻(xiàn) 21