電能質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)研究

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摘要 目前隨著電力電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展，越來越多的電力電子裝置被制造和應(yīng)用到電力系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行中去。由于大量電力電子設(shè)備以及其他非線性負(fù)載的接入，導(dǎo)致了電網(wǎng)中混有大量的諧波和間諧波，這些諧波給電力系統(tǒng)帶來了嚴(yán)重的污染，并由此產(chǎn)生了一系列電能質(zhì)量問題，嚴(yán)重危害了用電設(shè)備和通信系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行，而各種敏感負(fù)載對(duì)電網(wǎng)的供電質(zhì)量又提出了更高的要求。因而了解諧波產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理，研究和清除供配電系統(tǒng)中的高次諧波，對(duì)改善供電質(zhì)量，確保電力系統(tǒng)安全，經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行都有著十分重要的意義。
首先，論文論述了課題研究的背景，然后又對(duì)電能質(zhì)量的基本概念及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作了說明，并介紹了電能質(zhì)量與電力系統(tǒng)諧波之間的關(guān)系。
其次，論文在電力系統(tǒng)諧波檢測(cè)方面介紹了國內(nèi)外常見的諧波檢測(cè)方法，并著重介紹了基于瞬時(shí)無功功率的諧波檢測(cè)方法。并依據(jù)他們各自性能的特點(diǎn)，分析了在電力系統(tǒng)諧波檢測(cè)中集中方法的適用范圍及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。
然后，論文討論了電力系統(tǒng)諧波常用的抑制方法：即基于改造諧波源本身的諧波抑制方法（主動(dòng)治理）和基于諧波補(bǔ)償裝置功能的諧波抑制方法（被動(dòng)治理），并對(duì)每種方法所采用的具體措施作了詳細(xì)的探討。并以并聯(lián)型有源電力濾波器為例，采用瞬時(shí)無功功率理論的ip-iq算法，并借助MATLAB進(jìn)行了仿真模型，并最后給出仿真結(jié)果，驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性和結(jié)論的正確性。
關(guān)鍵詞：電力系統(tǒng)；電能質(zhì)量；諧波的檢測(cè)和抑制；APF



The Study of Power Quality Control Technology

Abstract With the current development of power electronics technology, more and more power electronic devices are manufactured and applied to the operation of power systems go. Due to a large number of power electronic equipment and other non-linear load access, resulting in a large number of mixed grid harmonics and inter-harmonics, these harmonics to the power system caused serious pollution, and thus produced a series of energy quality problems, serious harm to the stable operation of electrical equipment and communications systems, and a variety of sensitive loads and for the quality of power supply put forward higher requirements. Thus understanding the mechanism of harmonic generation, supply and distribution system research and clear the higher harmonics, to improve the quality of power supply, ensure that the power system security and economic operation have a very important significance.
The paper first discusses the research background, then the basic concepts and standards of power quality are described and describes the relationship between power quality and power system harmonics.
The second part of the thesis in harmonic detection of power system are introduced the common method of harmonic detection ，and focuses on the harmonic detection method based on instantaneous reactive power. And based on their respective performance characteristics, analyzes focused on the power system harmonic detection method and scope advantages and disadvantages.
The third part of the thesis mainly discusses the power system harmonic suppression method based on commonly used: Transformation of harmonic source method for harmonic suppression (active management) and based on the harmonic compensation device function method for harmonic suppression (passive management) two kinds of main methods, and for each method are only some specific measures are introduced in detail. And case study of shunt active power filter, by using the ip-iq algorithm instantaneous reactive power theory, and with the MATLAB simulation model，the simulation results are given to verify the validity and correctness of the conclusions of the method.
Keywords: power system; power quality; detection and suppression of harmonic; APF


目錄
第 1 章 緒論 1
1.1背景及意義 1
1.2 國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3本文的主要工作 2
第 2 章 電能質(zhì)量和電力系統(tǒng)諧波 3
2.1 電力系統(tǒng) 3
2.1.1 電力系統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)介 3
2.1.2 電力系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成 3
2.2 電能質(zhì)量 4
2.2.1 電能質(zhì)量的基本概念 4
2.2.2 電能質(zhì)量的影響因素 5
2.2.3 電能質(zhì)量主要參數(shù)指標(biāo) 5
2.3 電力系統(tǒng)諧波 6
2.3.1 電力系統(tǒng)諧波的概念 6
2.3.2 電力系統(tǒng)諧波的產(chǎn)生 7
2.3.3電力系統(tǒng)諧波的特征量 7
2.3.4 電力系統(tǒng)諧波產(chǎn)生的危害 8
2.4電力系統(tǒng)無功功率 13
2.5電力系統(tǒng)諧波抑制和無功補(bǔ)償?shù)年P(guān)系 14
第 3 章 電力系統(tǒng)諧波檢測(cè)技術(shù) 16
3.1 模擬濾波與基于傅里葉變換的頻域分析法 16
3.2 基于瞬時(shí)無功功率理論的諧波檢測(cè)方法 17
3.2.1 p-q算法 18
3.2.2 ip-iq算法 19
3.2.3 d-q檢測(cè)法 21
3.3基于小波變換理論的測(cè)量方法 22
3.4基于虛擬儀器的諧波測(cè)量 23
3.5電力諧波檢測(cè)與分析方法的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 23
第 4 章 電力系統(tǒng)諧波抑制技術(shù) 24
4.1 被動(dòng)型諧波抑制技術(shù) 24
4.1.1 無源濾波器 24
4.1.2 有源電力濾波器 25
4.2主動(dòng)型諧波抑制技術(shù) 30
4.2.1 多脈整流及準(zhǔn)多脈整流技術(shù) 30
4.2.2 多電平變流技術(shù) 30
4.2.3脈寬調(diào)制(PWM)技術(shù) 30
4.3 并聯(lián)有源電力濾波器仿真分析 31
4.3.1 并聯(lián)型有源電力濾波器電路 31
4.3.2有源電力濾波器仿真結(jié)果分析 36
結(jié)論 39
致謝 40
參考文獻(xiàn) 41