膜污染超聲波自動清洗系統(tǒng)設(shè)計

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摘要 膜分離作為一種新興的高效分離、濃縮、提純及凈化技術(shù)，獲得了極為迅速地發(fā)展，形成了獨(dú)特的新興高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)。但是，由于膜在長期使用中膜表面產(chǎn)生沉積和結(jié)垢，產(chǎn)生濃差極化和表面污染，因此對污染膜進(jìn)行定期的清洗是必要的。超聲波清洗作為一種新型清洗技術(shù)，近年來被廣泛應(yīng)用于膜清洗。論文是基于超聲波技術(shù)的膜污染自動清洗系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，其功能是對污染的膜進(jìn)行在線、連續(xù)的自動清洗。系統(tǒng)包括超聲波發(fā)生器、換能器、膜清洗設(shè)備、膜組件等。最后并以被污染的卷式膜組件為研究對象，超聲波功率大小對膜清洗效率的影響做了初步的探究。具體論文工作如下：
1.熟悉超聲波清洗膜的機(jī)理，膜技術(shù)的發(fā)展和意義、超聲技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展，以及膜污染超聲波清洗的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展。對如何將超聲波技術(shù)和膜清洗設(shè)備結(jié)合起來進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計，了解并畫出整個系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)原理圖。
2.查閱超聲波發(fā)生器的相關(guān)電路，對系統(tǒng)的超聲波電路部分進(jìn)行設(shè)計，主要包括：振蕩發(fā)生電路、功率放大電路、匹配電路、及換能器的選擇。
3.翻閱關(guān)于開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電路的資料，利用WS175芯片設(shè)計由市電輸入12V輸出的開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電路，電路由輸入部分、震蕩部分、功率轉(zhuǎn)換部分、輸出部分以及控制部分五大部分組成。
4.針對超聲波功率大小對膜清洗效率進(jìn)行實驗設(shè)計，調(diào)節(jié)超聲波的功率大小并觀察膜通量的變化情況，進(jìn)行簡單的控制變量法實驗，運(yùn)用數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù)，繪制出整體的功率和膜通量的曲線，并對實驗結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析與討論。
關(guān)鍵詞：超聲波 膜污染 開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電路 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 數(shù)據(jù)處理 匹配電路 卷式膜


A automatic system design of ultrasonic cleaning membrane fouling
Abstract As an efficient separation, concentration, purification and purification of new membrane separation technology, has obtained the extremely rapid development, and formed a new high-tech industry unique. However, due to the film in the long-term use of membrane surface deposition and fouling, the concentration polarization and surface contamination, so regular cleaning of the fouled membrane is necessary. Ultrasonic cleaning is a novel cleaning technology, has been widely used in the cleaning of membrane. This paper is the design of automatic system of cleaning membrane based on ultrasonic technology, its function is to pollution membrane online, automatic cleaning continuous. The system comprises an ultrasonic generator, transducer,membrane cleaning equipment, membrane components. Finally, roll film component to the polluted as the research object, the effect of ultrasonic power on membrane cleaning efficiency and makes a preliminary inquiry. The specific work is as follows:
1 familiar with the mechanism of ultrasonic cleaning membrane, present situation and development of membrane technology, and the significance of ultrasonic technology, ultrasonic cleaning and membrane pollution status and development. The ultrasonic technology and membrane cleaning equipment of system design, understanding and draw the structure diagram of the system.
2 refer to relevant circuit of ultrasonic generator, ultrasonic circuit design, the parts of the system include: oscillation circuit, power amplifier circuit, matching circuit, and the choice of transducer.
3 through a switch voltage stabilizing circuit data, using the WS175 chip to design the switch voltage stabilizing circuit power input 12V output, the circuit consists of an input part, shock part, power conversion part, and output part and control part of the five parts.
4 according to the size of the ultrasonic power experimental design to the membrane cleaning efficiency, power and observe the changes the size of membrane flux regulation of ultrasonic control variable method, a simple experiment, using the data processing technology, draw out the power and the flux of the membrane integral curves, and the experimental results are analyzed and discussed.

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Key words: Ultrasonic membrane switch voltage stabilizing circuit design of data processing system of the matching circuit of roll film

目 錄
目 錄 III
第一章 引 言 1
1.1 課題背景 1
1.2 膜技術(shù)的發(fā)展和意義 2
1.2.1 膜污染的形成 2
1.2.2 膜污染的分類 3
1.2.3 膜技術(shù)的意義及發(fā)展 4
1.3 超聲技術(shù) 4
1.3.1 超聲技術(shù)的介紹 4
1.3.2 超聲技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 6
1.4 超聲波膜污染清洗研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢 7
1.4.1 研究現(xiàn)狀 7
1.4.2 發(fā)展趨勢 8
1.5 本章小結(jié) 9
第二章 清洗系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方案 10
2.1 系統(tǒng)概述 10
2.2 膜組件的介紹 12
2.3 膜污染超聲波清洗機(jī)理分析 13
第三章 超聲波發(fā)生器電路 14
3.1超聲波發(fā)生器主電路介紹 14
3.2 振蕩信號發(fā)生電路的原理和選擇 15
3.2.1 振蕩信號發(fā)生電路的組成和選擇 15
3.2.2 振蕩信號發(fā)生電路的原理 17
3.3 功率放大電路的原理和選擇 18
3.3.1 功率放大電路的選擇和組成 19
3.3.2 功率放大電路的原理 20
3.4 換能器的原理和選擇 21
3.4.1 換能器的參數(shù)設(shè)定 22
3.4.2 換能器的原理 23
3.5 本章小結(jié) 24
第四章 超聲波輔助電路 25
4.1 匹配電路的原理和選擇 25
4.1.1 匹配電路的功能 25
4.1.2 匹配電路的選擇 26
4.2 開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源 30
4.2.1 開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電路的選擇 30
4.2.1 開關(guān)電路的工作原理 32
4.3 本章小結(jié) 32
第五章 實驗設(shè)計及結(jié)果分析 33
5.1膜清洗效率實驗設(shè)計 33..