半導(dǎo)體照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計
Semiconductor illumination optical system design

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摘要 世界上新型照明光源的發(fā)展趨勢——半導(dǎo)體照明，其中大功率并且高亮度的LED（發(fā)光二極管）是照明光源中的新生寵兒。而本文研究的重點就是半導(dǎo)體照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中的光源模型的構(gòu)建和光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的完整設(shè)計。
本文首先介紹了半導(dǎo)體照明（以LED）為核心的發(fā)展概況，并就LED的進行了原理闡述，分析了LED相較于傳統(tǒng)照明的優(yōu)勢以及在現(xiàn)階段所存在的問題。接著分析了用計算機輔助如何設(shè)計照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，同時介紹光線追跡的原理以及如何利用光線追跡方法來進行計算機輔助光學(xué)設(shè)計的理論基礎(chǔ)，繼而比較了照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)與傳統(tǒng)成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng)，提出利用光學(xué)仿真軟件設(shè)計照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的步驟：實體建模、光學(xué)屬性定義、光線追跡、系統(tǒng)分析。最后根據(jù)設(shè)計要求用LightTools實體建模軟件對所采用的LED光源進行了分析并通過修改反光罩杯張角、曲率半徑（透鏡）以及光源位置來對光源進行優(yōu)化，使照度分布更具有均勻性，經(jīng)過各種調(diào)整修改最終得到了圓形光斑的光源并且照度分布相對均勻，從而達到了本課題給出的設(shè)計要求。
本文與其它論文相比最大的特別就是應(yīng)用光學(xué)軟件LightTools來實現(xiàn)半導(dǎo)體照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計，并且提出并實現(xiàn)了LED光源的設(shè)計仿真與優(yōu)化，給出了如何完整設(shè)計LED光學(xué)系統(tǒng)（手電筒）的設(shè)計與給出了如何進行優(yōu)化分析。這些研究為以后在照明系統(tǒng)光學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究提供了方向。
關(guān)鍵詞：LED；半導(dǎo)體照明；LightTools；光源設(shè)計

Semiconductor illumination optical system design

Abstract Solid-state lighting has become the current of new light sources,and LEDs are in hot demand of light sources.This paper is focusing on sources modeling and optical systems design of solid-state lighting.Ray-tracing software is applied to the research of design and simulation of optical systems.Through the simulation,the design process of lighting system can be simplified and the design cycle can be also shortened.
In this paper, firstly,I introduce the overview of the development of semiconductor lighting to LED as the core , and describe the theoretical basis of the LED. Analyze the advantages of LED compared to the traditional lighting and the problems at this stage.Then I use computer-aided to design lighting optical system and introduce the principle of the theoretical basis of computer-aided optical design and ray tracing by the description of the ray tracing method. I compare the illumination optical system and imaging optical system ,and I propose steps for the design of optical system in optical simulation software: solid modeling, define the optical properties, ray tracing, analysis system. Finally, I use LightTools solid modeling software for the design of the LED light source of analysis and optimize a uniform of the light by modifying the reflective cup angle , the radius of curvature of the lens and the light source position At the end of this paper, I get a uniform illuminance distribution of the circular spot of light and reach the design requirements. .
The main innovation of this paper is that the ray-tracing software is applied to optical system design of solid-state lighting．The method which realizes various proposed light distribution of LED sources is discussed，and design and analysis for optical design of LED lighting is also analyzed．

Keywords: LED ；semiconductor lighting ；LightTools ；light source design

目錄
中文摘要
Abstract
第一章 緒論 1
1.1半導(dǎo)體照明技術(shù)簡介 1
1.2 半導(dǎo)體照明的應(yīng)用、現(xiàn)狀、發(fā)展前景及存在的技術(shù)問題 3
1.3 LightTools簡介 5
1.4 光學(xué)仿真軟件在半導(dǎo)體照明設(shè)計中的意義 6
1.5 本文的研究內(nèi)容及各章的主要內(nèi)容 6
第二章 照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計簡介 7
2.1 照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng) 7
2.2 LED照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 8
2.3 LightTools應(yīng)用于照明設(shè)計 10
第三章 光線追跡 12
3.1光線光路計算 12
3.2 光線追跡 12
3.3 蒙特卡羅追跡 14
3.4 LightTools照明分析實例 14
第四章 LED光源模型的建立 16
4.1光源建模的構(gòu)成要素及方法 16
4.2 點光源的設(shè)計與優(yōu)化 17
4.3.LED光源的設(shè)計與優(yōu)化 19
4.4 LED陣列光源的設(shè)計與模擬 22
第五章半導(dǎo)體照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 24
5.1 一次光學(xué)設(shè)計 24
5.2 色溫優(yōu)化 25
5.3 二次配光設(shè)計 26
5.4 構(gòu)建外形 29
總結(jié)與展望 30
致謝 31
參考文獻