水庫(外文翻譯)

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英文： 20000 字符


攔河筑一條像壩的障礙時，水就被攔蓄在障礙物的上游并形成水塘．通常稱之為水庫。
總而言之，被蓄集在水塘或湖泊里的水就稱為水庫．水庫所蓄的水可有多種用途．水庫根據(jù)其用途可分為以下幾類：
① 蓄水水庫。
② 防洪水庫。
③ 配水水庫。
④ 綜合利用水庫。
（1) 蓄水水庫
城市給水、灌灑供水或直接從河流中取水的水電工程或者溪流，在枯水期，也許不能滿足用戶的需要，在豐水期，由于洪水泛濫它們又可能無法發(fā)揮作用。蓄水水庫在洪峰期能攔蓄多余的水量，而在枯水期需要水的時候又能平緩地把水放出。
順便提一下。蓄水除為了今后的用水外。蓄洪還可減少水庫下游的洪水災(zāi)害。因此．水庫可以用于防洪或者還具有別的用途。前一種情況稱為“防洪水庫”，而后一種情況就稱為“綜合利用水庫”......



When a barrier is constructed across some river in the form of a dam, water gets stored up on the upstream side of the barrier, forming a pool of water, generally called a reservoir.
Broadly speaking, any water collected in a pool or a lake may be termed as a reservoir. The water stored in reservoir may be used for various purposes. Depending upon the purposes served, the reservoirs may be classified as follows:
① Storage or Conservation Reservoirs.
② Flood Control Reservoirs.
③ Distribution Reservoirs.
④ Multipurpose reservoirs.
(1) Storage or Conservation Reservoirs.
A city water supply, irrigation water supply or a hydroelectric project drawing water directly from a river or a stream may fail to satisfy the consumers’ demands during extremely low flows, while during high flows; it may become difficult to carry out their operation due to devastating floods. A storage or a conservation reservoir can retain such excess supplies during periods of peak flows and can release them gradually during low flows as and when the need arise......