摘要
    近年來(lái)隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展，單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用正在不斷地走向深入，同時(shí)帶動(dòng)傳統(tǒng)控制檢測(cè)日新月異更新。
    十字路口車(chē)輛穿梭，行人熙攘，車(chē)行車(chē)道，人行人道，有條不紊。那么靠什么來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)這井然秩序呢？靠的是交通信號(hào)燈的自動(dòng)指揮系統(tǒng)。交通信號(hào)燈控制方式很多。本系統(tǒng)采用MSC-51系列單片機(jī)Intel8031和可編程并行I/O接口芯片8255A為中心器件來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)交通燈控制器，實(shí)現(xiàn)了能根據(jù)實(shí)際車(chē)流量通過(guò)8031芯片的P1口設(shè)置紅、綠燈燃亮?xí)r間的功能；為了系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定可靠采用了MAX629“看門(mén)狗”芯片，避免了系統(tǒng)因?yàn)樗罊C(jī)而停止工作的情況發(fā)生；顯示時(shí)間直接通過(guò)8255的PA、PB口輸出；交通燈信號(hào)通過(guò)PC口輸出；交通燈的點(diǎn)亮采用VT雙向晶閘管來(lái)控制，直接采用220V交流電源驅(qū)動(dòng)，系統(tǒng)實(shí)用性強(qiáng)、操作簡(jiǎn)單、擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng)。
    在實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)和自動(dòng)控制的單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中，單片機(jī)往往是作為一個(gè)核心部件來(lái)使用，僅單片機(jī)方面知識(shí)是不夠的，還應(yīng)根據(jù)具體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)，以及針對(duì)具體應(yīng)用對(duì)象特點(diǎn)的軟件結(jié)合，加以完善。
關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)纹瑱C(jī) ； 交通燈； 控制器； 設(shè)計(jì)；  實(shí)現(xiàn)

ABSTRACT
    In recent years along with science and technology develop fast, the application of single flat machine is moving towards thorough continuously, at the same time drive traditional control detection day the benefit of new  moon update. In the only flat machine application system of the automatic control and detection of real time, only flat machine is often to use as a key parts, only single flat machine aspect knowledge is insufficient , return should basis specificly hardware structure, as well as aim at the software that applies object characteristic specificly combination, perfect.
    Crossroads vehicle wear comb, pedestrian Xi Rang, turn to be all right lane, person pedestrian says , methodically. Do you lean what to realize this orderly order? What lean is that the automatic command system of traffic signal lamp. Traffic signal lamp control way is many . This system adopts MSC-51 series only flat machine Intel8031 with but programming parallel interface chip 8255 A of I/O is central device the design controler of traffic lights, haverealized can measure according to actual wagon flow the P1 installation bonus and green light that passes through 8031 chips burn to light the function of time; For system stabilize reliable have adopted MAX629 the chip " dog looks after the house ", have avoided that system stops working condition because of halting to occur; Show that time is directly exported through PB and PA of 8255; The signal of traffic lights is exported through usually PC mouth; The point of traffic lights light to adopt VT two-way Jing floodgate pipe come to control, directly drive with the alternating current source of 220 V, practicality is strong, operating is simple.
Keywords: Only flat machine  Traffic lights  Controler  Design  Realize
 
目錄
摘要.................................................................................I
Abstract........................................................................... II
1 引言   ...........................................................................1
2 單片機(jī)概述.........................................................................1
3.1 MSC-51芯片簡(jiǎn)介.................................................................1
3.2  5芯片簡(jiǎn)介....................................................................4.
3.3 74LS373簡(jiǎn)介  ..................................................................5
4  系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)......................................................................5
4.1交通管理的方案論證  .........................................................5
4.2系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)................................................................. 6
4．2．1  系統(tǒng)總框圖............................................................... 6
4．2．2 交通燈硬件線路圖...........................................................7
4.23系統(tǒng)的工作原理...............................................................7
５．控制器的軟件設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................7
5.1每秒鐘的設(shè)定.............................................................  ...7
5.2計(jì)數(shù)器硬件延時(shí)............................................................ ...7
5.2.1 計(jì)數(shù)器初值計(jì)算................................................ .. .... .....7
5.2.2  計(jì)算公式................................................... ..............7
5.2.3  １秒的方法.............................................. .................8
5.2.4相應(yīng)程序代碼......................................................... ... ...8
5.3 軟件延時(shí).....................................................................8
5.4 時(shí)間及信號(hào)燈的顯示.......................................................... 9
5.4.1  8051并行口的擴(kuò)展....................................................... . .9
5.4.2顯示原理：...................................................................9
5.4.3  8255PA口輸出信號(hào)接信號(hào)燈：............................................... .9
5.4.4 8255輸出信號(hào)與數(shù)碼管的連接：................................................ 10
5.4.5 8255與8051的連接：..........................................................10
5.5 程序設(shè)計(jì)................................................................... 10
5.5.2 程序源代碼............................................................. ...11
6 結(jié)論.................................................................... . ... . ...18
參考文獻(xiàn)..................................................................... ... ...17
附錄............................................................................ ...18.