1600KN單動(dòng)液壓機(jī)活動(dòng)橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)分析及優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）

摘    要

液壓機(jī)是制品成型生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用最廣的設(shè)備之一，而活動(dòng)橫梁是液壓機(jī)的一個(gè)重要部件，因?yàn)榛顒?dòng)橫梁是液壓機(jī)的主要執(zhí)行構(gòu)件，同時(shí)還起著支撐工作缸和承受工作壓力的作用，因此，活動(dòng)橫梁的力學(xué)性能將將直接影響工件的加工質(zhì)量。
傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法，設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程很復(fù)雜，速度比較慢并且不容易推廣。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，各種工程分析軟件也得到了很大的發(fā)展。將工程結(jié)構(gòu)分析軟件應(yīng)用于產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)、設(shè)計(jì)、分析與制造已成為近代工業(yè)提升競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的主要方法。
本文運(yùn)用有限元分析軟件ANSYS對(duì)1600KN液壓機(jī)活動(dòng)橫梁進(jìn)行計(jì)算，得到其應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變分布，然后在此基礎(chǔ)上利用經(jīng)驗(yàn)優(yōu)化的方法對(duì)活動(dòng)橫梁的進(jìn)行優(yōu)化并得到優(yōu)化后的結(jié)構(gòu)。優(yōu)化后結(jié)構(gòu)可在滿足活動(dòng)橫梁設(shè)計(jì)條件的基礎(chǔ)上大大減少其重量，降低制造成本，提高產(chǎn)品的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

關(guān)鍵詞：結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，液壓機(jī)，有限元法，活動(dòng)橫梁

ABSTRACT

Hydraulic Press is one of the widest used equipment in product forming and the activities beam it is one of the key components of hydraulic press, because it is a main execute structure of the hydraulic press and also supporting hydraulic cylinder and bearing the working force, So it’s mechanical property will directly affect the quality of final processing.
In the traditional design method, the cause of design is very complex, will waste a lot of time and can’t extensive use. Along with the computer technology’s development, computer software technology has also gotten great development. Make the project structure analysis software used in production, design, analysis and manufacture of product has become one of the major methods to promote the competition.
The paper uses the Finite Analysis software ANSYS to calculate the activities beam of the 1600KN Hydraulic Press to get the stress and strain distribution, then use the experience optimization methods to make optimal design of the activities beam and obtain the final structure on the base of it. The Optimized activities beam can meet the designed conditions and also reduce its weight, lower manufacturing costs and improve the competitiveness of their products.

Keywords: structural optimization, hydraulic press, finite element method, activities beams

目  錄

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
1  緒論 1
1.1　課題的目的及研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2　液壓機(jī)的概述 2
1.2.1　液壓機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介 2
1.2.2　液壓機(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和趨勢(shì) 3
1.3 液壓機(jī)活動(dòng)橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)概述 4
1.3.1　液壓機(jī)活動(dòng)橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方法 4
1.3.2　基于有限元的活動(dòng)橫梁的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法概述 5
1.4 本問(wèn)研究的重點(diǎn)及意義 5
2  液壓機(jī)活動(dòng)橫梁建模 6
2.1、模型建立方法 6
2.2、幾何模型的簡(jiǎn)化與建立 6
2.2.1、整體外形實(shí)體 7
2.2.２、內(nèi)部肋板 9
2.2.３、鑄造沙孔 11
2.2.4、立柱孔和中心孔 12
2.2.５、肋板孔 14
2.2.６、燕尾槽 16
2.2.７、頂面突臺(tái) 16
2.2.８、側(cè)板孔 17
3  單元?jiǎng)澐峙c載荷處理 18
3.1 單元的選擇與材料的選取 18
3.2 單元?jiǎng)澐?nbsp;18
3.3 載荷處理 19
3.3.1、對(duì)心受壓 19
3.3.2、偏心受壓—Z向偏心 20
3.3.3、偏心受壓—X向偏心 21
4  活動(dòng)橫梁有限元計(jì)算 22
4.1 活動(dòng)橫梁有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果的應(yīng)力分析 22
4.1.1、工況一：對(duì)心受壓： 22
4.1.2、工況二：Z方向偏心受壓 24
4.3.3、工況三：X方向偏心受壓 26
4.2 活動(dòng)橫梁有限元計(jì)算結(jié)果的位移應(yīng)力分析 27
4.2.1、對(duì)心工況 28
4.2.2、Z向偏心工況 30
4.2.3、X向偏心工況 32
4.3 本章小結(jié) 33
5 活動(dòng)橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 35
5.1 結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化方法選取 35
5.2 活動(dòng)橫梁結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 35
5.3 本章小結(jié) 53
6　總結(jié) 55
參考文獻(xiàn) 57