摘要

課題的目的是設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)基于激光相位法測(cè)距原理的煤礦提升容器定位系統(tǒng)，本文重點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)了其中的測(cè)距激光回波信號(hào)接收調(diào)理模塊。
設(shè)計(jì)的激光回波信號(hào)接收調(diào)理模塊包括激光回波接收、放大、混頻和AD轉(zhuǎn)換。論文設(shè)計(jì)了雪崩二極管APD的激光接收電路，接收激光回波信號(hào)并進(jìn)行初步放大；設(shè)計(jì)了以運(yùn)放AD603為核心的可變?cè)鲆娣糯箅娐?，?duì)回波信號(hào)進(jìn)行約400倍的放大；設(shè)計(jì)了基于MC1496的混頻電路和基于AD9238的AD轉(zhuǎn)換電路，由本振信號(hào)、主振信號(hào)等混頻產(chǎn)生兩個(gè)15kHz的差頻信號(hào)，并由AD轉(zhuǎn)換器轉(zhuǎn)換成數(shù)字信號(hào)，送給DSP進(jìn)行FFT變換和相位分析。
模塊中，APD激光接收電路轉(zhuǎn)換速度快、線性度好；可變?cè)鲆娣糯箅娐吠◣Р▌?dòng)小，阻帶衰減大，具有很好的頻率特性；混頻器中還具有放大作用，進(jìn)一步提高了回波信噪比；所采用的AD轉(zhuǎn)換器轉(zhuǎn)換速度快、精度比較高。整個(gè)模塊設(shè)計(jì)合理，較好地實(shí)現(xiàn)了測(cè)距激光的接收、轉(zhuǎn)換等功能。


關(guān)鍵詞：激光測(cè)距，雪崩二極管，增益放大，混頻，AD轉(zhuǎn)換







ABSTRACT

The objective is to design a subject is based on the principle of laser rangefinder phase method coal mine hoist vessel positioning system, this paper designs the location of the laser echo signal receiving recuperation module.
Design of the laser echo signal receiving recuperation modules including laser echo receiving, amplification, mixing and AD transform. The paper designs laser receiving circuit of APD avalanche diode, receiving and preliminarily laser echo signal amplifier; Designs variable gain amplifier circuit
in AD603 op-amp design as the core of the variable gain for echo signal amplifier circuit, about 400 times the amplifier; Designs the frequency mixing circuit which based on the chip of MC1496 and designs AD transform circuit
based on the chip of AD9238, by the vibration signal and the main vibration signal mix frequency to produces the two 15kHz produces difference frequency signal, and by AD converter converted into digital signals, transported to DSP system for FFT transformation and phase analysis.
Module, APD laser receiving circuit has switching speed, good linearity; Variable gain amplifier circuit bandpass fluctuation little, stop-band attenuation, has the very good frequency characteristics; The mixer is also enlarge the echo, further improve the signal-to-noise ratio; The converting speed, precision of AD converter is high. The module design is reasonable, better realize the transformation of the laser rangefinder receiving, etc. Function.
Keywords：laser rangefinder, Amplitude Probability Distribution (APD), gain amplification, frequency mixing, AD transform
目錄
1 緒論 1
1.1 課題的目的和意義 1
1.2 本課題的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3 本設(shè)計(jì)所做的主要工作 5
2 課題的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 6
2.1 系統(tǒng)的總體原理與框圖 6
2.2 激光接收的原理與框圖 9
3 激光信號(hào)接收放大電路 10
3.1 光電轉(zhuǎn)換電路方案比較 10
3.2 APD器件特性及選型 13
3.3 激光接收放大電路設(shè)計(jì) 16
4 自動(dòng)增益控制電路 25
4.1 自動(dòng)增益電路方案比較 25
4.2 AD603的結(jié)構(gòu)與特性 27
4.3 自動(dòng)增益控制電路設(shè)計(jì) 31
4.4 自動(dòng)增益控制電路的仿真與調(diào)試 32
5 混頻放大電路 35
5.1混頻電路方案比較 35
5.2 MC1496芯片特性 38
5.3 混頻放大電路設(shè)計(jì) 40
6 多路AD轉(zhuǎn)換電路設(shè)計(jì) 43
6.1 AD轉(zhuǎn)換器的選型 43
6.2 AD9238和AD8138特性 45
6.3 AD轉(zhuǎn)換電路設(shè)計(jì) 47
7 總結(jié) 50
致謝 52
參考文獻(xiàn) 53
附錄A 各模塊電路圖 55
附錄B 外文文獻(xiàn)及其翻譯 59