單件式小批量制造企業(yè)產(chǎn)能評(píng)估方法研究（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）
摘 要

在21世紀(jì)這個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的市場(chǎng)中，企業(yè)要立于不敗之地，就要不斷滿足客戶對(duì)產(chǎn)品的需求。用戶的這種需求以多品種、小批量、短交貨期和越來(lái)越高的質(zhì)量要求為特征。生產(chǎn)能力對(duì)于所有企業(yè)為了滿足客戶的這種需求來(lái)講，都是一個(gè)非常重要的問(wèn)題，對(duì)于企業(yè)的發(fā)展起到非常重要的作用。生產(chǎn)能力的測(cè)定是企業(yè)管理的一項(xiàng)重要的基礎(chǔ)性工作，它不但為企業(yè)制定計(jì)劃提供了依據(jù)，而且還可以了解企業(yè)各個(gè)生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)和各類生產(chǎn)設(shè)備之間的比例關(guān)系是否恰當(dāng)，從而幫助人們找到其中的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，從中挖掘生產(chǎn)潛力，充分利用生產(chǎn)能力，為企業(yè)擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)品品種、增加產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量、提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提供依據(jù)。
本論文從重鋼集團(tuán)機(jī)械制造責(zé)任有限公司的生產(chǎn)能力入手，研究產(chǎn)能評(píng)估的方法。重鋼集團(tuán)機(jī)械制造責(zé)任有限公司（下稱機(jī)制公司），其主要產(chǎn)品有環(huán)式減速器、軋輥產(chǎn)品、鑄造產(chǎn)品等等，屬于典型的單件小批量產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，該公司的產(chǎn)能評(píng)估一直是管理工作中的難點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。本論文從以下幾個(gè)方面來(lái)研究了產(chǎn)能評(píng)估的方法：生產(chǎn)線之間生產(chǎn)能力是有差別的,在研究生產(chǎn)能力的表達(dá)方式上，提出用漏斗模型中的生產(chǎn)周期、任務(wù)周期等時(shí)間量來(lái)表達(dá)，該方法可以解決多品種量綱難以統(tǒng)一的問(wèn)題。離散型系統(tǒng)具有隨機(jī)性，如果不從動(dòng)態(tài)的角度進(jìn)行分析，很難得出準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果。本文運(yùn)用離散型動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)的知識(shí)計(jì)算出生產(chǎn)率和在制品的量，從而使生產(chǎn)能力測(cè)定體系更加完善。
通過(guò)研究和測(cè)算表明，文中方法能夠有效的解決離散型多品種、小批量生產(chǎn)線產(chǎn)能計(jì)算中存在的多種問(wèn)題，并可以為離散型企業(yè)提供理論依據(jù)。


關(guān)鍵詞：?jiǎn)渭∨?，漏斗模型，產(chǎn)能方法

ABSTRACT

In the 21st century this increasingly competitive market, enterprises want to be in an invincible position, they must continuously meet the customer's needs. Users of this demand is with more variety, low-volume, short delivery time and the growing demand for high quality characteristics. Production capacity for all enterprises to meet customer demand , are a very important issue, the development of enterprises play a very important role. The production capacity of enterprise management is an important basic work, it not only for enterprises to provide a basis for formulating plans, but can also learn the various production sectors and enterprises all kinds of production equipment relationship between the proportion of whether it is appropriate to help people Which found the weak links, from mining production potential and make full use of production capacity, for enterprises to expand their product variety, increase product yield and provide a basis for improving the quality of products.
This paper harshly Steel Group Co., Ltd. machinery manufacturing responsibility start with the production capacity , research capacity assessment method. Heavy duty machinery manufacturing Steel Group Co., Ltd. (the mechanism), its main products are ring-reducer, roll products, casting products, etc. It is typical of small-batch production enterprises. the company's production capacity has been assessed is the difficult problems in the management. This paper from the following aspects: to study the capacity to assess the way: the production line is a difference between production capacity and research capacity in the way of expression, the model proposed to funnel in the production cycle, the cycle of tasks, such as amount of time to Expression.This method can solve the variety of difficult questions. Discrete system is random, if not from the perspective of dynamic analysis, it is difficult to draw accurate results. In this paper, by use of discrete dynamic systems of knowledge and productivity calculated in the volume of products, thus enabling a more complete system of production capacity.
Through research and calculations show that the text can be an effective way to solve discrete multi-species, small-batch production capacity calculated in a variety of issues, and for the discrete enterprises provide a theoretical basis.


Key words：A single small quantities, funnel-shaped model, production methods

目 錄

摘 要 II
ABSTRACT III
1 緒論 1
1.1論文研究背景和意義 1
1.2多品種小批量生產(chǎn)方式 2
1.3 生產(chǎn)能力國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3.1 國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)能力研究現(xiàn)狀： 2
1.3.2 國(guó)外生產(chǎn)能力研究現(xiàn)狀： 3
1.4企業(yè)研究背景 4
1.5本論文要解決的問(wèn)題及主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 4
2 生產(chǎn)能力 6
2.1生產(chǎn)能力定義 6
2.2生產(chǎn)能力查定 6
2.2.1設(shè)計(jì)能力 6
2.2.2查定能力 6
2.2.3現(xiàn)實(shí)能力（計(jì)劃能力） 6
2.3生產(chǎn)能力查定方法 7
2.4國(guó)外生產(chǎn)能力分類 8
2.5　本章小結(jié) 9
3 基于漏斗模型的生產(chǎn)能力的測(cè)定 10
3.1漏斗模型 10
3.2生產(chǎn)能力因數(shù)分析 11
3.2.1生產(chǎn)周期 11
3.2.2任務(wù)周期 12
3.3平均計(jì)劃能力和平均實(shí)際能力 13
3.4機(jī)制公司軋輥鑄造廠任務(wù)周期與生產(chǎn)周期的計(jì)算 14
3.5本章小結(jié) 15
4 離散型生產(chǎn)線產(chǎn)能與在制品分析 16
4.1離散事件動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng) 16
4.2模型假設(shè)及構(gòu)建 16
4.2.1離散型生產(chǎn)線穩(wěn)態(tài)分析 17
4.2.1.1極大代數(shù)法 17
4.2.1.2建立離散生產(chǎn)線的穩(wěn)態(tài)方程 17
4.2.2生產(chǎn)線生產(chǎn)率的最優(yōu)控制 19
4.2.2.1生產(chǎn)率控制模型的建立 19
4.2.2.2問(wèn)題求解 20
4.2.3機(jī)制公司輸出法蘭 21
4.3本章小結(jié) 22
5 結(jié)論和展望 23
5.1全文總結(jié) 23
5.2研究展望 23
參考文獻(xiàn) 24