風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組主軸結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度分析（本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)）
摘 要

風(fēng)能是一種潔凈的可再生能源，在當(dāng)今能源和環(huán)境問(wèn)題日益受到關(guān)注的情況下，利用風(fēng)能進(jìn)行發(fā)電越來(lái)越受到人們的重視，隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)在世界上得到了飛快的發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的兆瓦級(jí)大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組相繼建成并投入運(yùn)行，風(fēng)電市場(chǎng)前景異常廣闊。隨著風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)裝機(jī)容量日益增大，機(jī)組所受的載荷情況也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜,從而使得風(fēng)力機(jī)及其零部件的安全問(wèn)題變得更加突出。為了要確保風(fēng)力機(jī)在其設(shè)計(jì)壽命內(nèi)能夠正常地運(yùn)行，首先必須對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組的關(guān)鍵零部件展開(kāi)設(shè)計(jì)研究。
主軸是風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的重要部件，雖然它的形狀不是很復(fù)雜，但是尺寸較大，起著傳遞運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力的作用。主軸設(shè)計(jì)的好壞直接影響機(jī)組的正常運(yùn)行和使用壽命，因此有必要在極限載荷條件下對(duì)主軸進(jìn)行靜態(tài)分析和疲勞計(jì)算，以確定整個(gè)主軸的應(yīng)力分布情況，從中找出最危險(xiǎn)的部位，為主軸設(shè)計(jì)提供可靠的依據(jù)。論文作為企業(yè)合作課題的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容之一，根據(jù)IEC61400-1標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行主軸的靜強(qiáng)度分析、疲勞強(qiáng)度分析和壽命分析，為主軸材料、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化提供依據(jù)。
本文基于有限元法的基本理論，對(duì)主軸進(jìn)行了以下研究：
①基于有限元法的建模理論，利用有限元軟件Patran，完成建模、劃分網(wǎng)格等工作。由于主軸的結(jié)構(gòu)不是很復(fù)雜，直接利用有限元軟件完成建模，劃分網(wǎng)格的類(lèi)型為四面體單元，在一些平面的結(jié)合處需要手工控制種子的位置，使不同平面的網(wǎng)格對(duì)接在一起，有一定難度。
②對(duì)主軸有限元模型施加載荷，設(shè)定邊界條件，進(jìn)行極限強(qiáng)度分析和疲勞校核計(jì)算，并把計(jì)算結(jié)果與某企業(yè)的分析數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了比較，從而驗(yàn)證了本文所研究方法的正確性，確保了主軸具有足夠的強(qiáng)度和使用壽命。


關(guān)鍵詞：風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)，主軸，有限單元法

ABSTRACT

Wind energy is one kind of clean regenerative energy. Under the situation that the sources of energy and the environment problem are paid attention to gradually nowadays，the use of wind turbine to generate electricity is regarded highly more and more by people. Wind energy technology has developed rapidly with the science and technology uninterrupted growth. In over all the world, more and more large wind turbine generators have established consecutively and brought into service. The prospect of wind energy marketplace has been vast extraordinarily. However, the design and business application of wind turbine in our country, especially large-scale megawatt prototypes, have a lot of problems to be solving. The project is to design and research on the crucial elements of wind turbine, which is spread out to meet the need of the enterprises. Therefore, the research will act an important role in the commercialization and industrialization to the homemade megawatt wind turbine, and can provide the scientific and credible warranty to analysis and design wind turbine and its main components. It will improve the technology level of wind energy generator. It will establish the stability basis to reduce the cost of wind turbine, promote the competitiveness of marketplace, realize commercialization.
Principal axis which can pass motion and power is a important part of the wind turbine.Though its shape is simple,its size is large.. It is needed to calculate static and fatigue analysis under various ultimate loads, which can display the distribution of stress, and finds out the most dangerous locations.
Based on the theory of finite element method, the finite element model has established, and the ultimate strength and fatigue analysis have researched. So this paper will promote the commercialization and industrialization course of the homemade large wind turbine.


Keyword ： Wind turbine, Principal axis, Finite element method

目 錄

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 錄 III
1 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究背景 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀綜述 1
1.2.1 國(guó)外現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.2 國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀 3
1.3 論文研究的意義和目的 4
1.4 論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 4
2主軸的有限元分析法 7
2.1 MSC.Patran/Nastran有限元分析軟件 7
2.2 MSC.Fatigue疲勞分析軟件 8
2.3 主軸的有限元分析過(guò)程 10
3 主軸有限元強(qiáng)度分析模型的建立 12
3.1 主軸幾何模型的建立 12
3.2 主軸有限元網(wǎng)格的劃分 14
3.3 坐標(biāo)系 17
3.4材料屬性 18
4 主軸極限強(qiáng)度分析 19
4.1施加邊界條件和載荷 19
4.2極限強(qiáng)度的運(yùn)算和結(jié)果 19
4.3 靜態(tài)分析的結(jié)論 21
5 主軸的疲勞分析 22
5.1疲勞分析方法 22
5.2 主軸的疲勞分析 24
5.3疲勞分析結(jié)果討論 24
6 結(jié)論與展望 28
致謝 30
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 31