數(shù)控多股簧加工機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì).doc
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數(shù)控多股簧加工機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì),(本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì))摘 要多股簧與單股螺旋彈相比,具有機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高,減振效果好,壽命和安全性較高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此主要用于對(duì)持久強(qiáng)度和安全性要求較高的場(chǎng)所,同時(shí)在民用系統(tǒng)也具有較大的應(yīng)用潛力。但是多股簧制造工藝復(fù)雜,產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量難以控制、制造成本較高,目前還主要用于有特殊要求的場(chǎng)合。因此,我們必...
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數(shù)控多股簧加工機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)(本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì))
摘 要
多股簧與單股螺旋彈相比,具有機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高,減振效果好,壽命和安全性較高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此主要用于對(duì)持久強(qiáng)度和安全性要求較高的場(chǎng)所,同時(shí)在民用系統(tǒng)也具有較大的應(yīng)用潛力。但是多股簧制造工藝復(fù)雜,產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量難以控制、制造成本較高,目前還主要用于有特殊要求的場(chǎng)合。因此,我們必須加強(qiáng)自主研發(fā)能力,研發(fā)出高精度和高生產(chǎn)效率的多股簧制造設(shè)備,生產(chǎn)出高質(zhì)量的多股簧,從而滿足我國(guó)國(guó)民生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展的需要。
本文通過(guò)分析國(guó)內(nèi)外多股簧制造技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀,以及分析多股簧加工過(guò)程中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及難點(diǎn),確定多股簧數(shù)控加工運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)方案,建立基于“PC+PLC+伺服電機(jī)”的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)。在本文的設(shè)計(jì)中,主要分為三部分來(lái)研究,即運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中的硬件部分、軟件部分以及計(jì)算機(jī)控制界面的設(shè)計(jì)。在運(yùn)動(dòng)控制中是通過(guò)伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器的模擬和脈沖輸入指令實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)外層擰索電機(jī)、中層擰索電機(jī)和繞簧電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的控制。同時(shí)本文采用了S7-200的PID運(yùn)算調(diào)節(jié)器,分別對(duì)各個(gè)伺服電機(jī)進(jìn)行反饋調(diào)節(jié),保證電機(jī)在運(yùn)動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程中的平穩(wěn)性。再次設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)能在計(jì)算機(jī)界面上控制的軟件,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)智能控制和監(jiān)測(cè)。
本文設(shè)計(jì)的多股簧數(shù)控加工機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),在分析已有機(jī)床的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)該機(jī)床的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改造,滿足了多股簧的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)效率,并且成功降低了機(jī)床的制造成本,降低了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。
關(guān)鍵詞:多股螺旋彈簧,伺服驅(qū)動(dòng),PLC,PC
ABSTRACT
Stranded-wire helical spring has many predominant characters compared with single-wire helical spring. So it has been of great application value in many fields which require high permanence and safety. Furthermore, it also has important and potential value in civil use. However, the manufacturing technique of stranded-wire spring in our country is very strict. Therefore, it is critically important to strengthen the ability of self-developing and improve machining level and product quality of stranded-wire spring.
After analyzing the present manufacturing technology and key technologies in the manufacturing of stranded-wire spring, the whole control system are based on PC Programmable Logic Controller and servo motors. Three parts are researched in motion control system, which are the design of hardware, the design of software, and the design of computer interfaces. In the course of control,input order in driver controller is used to control the speed of motors to tweak outer wires , middle wires and stranded-wire spring.In order to make motion smooth, PID adjustor in S7-200 is used in the adjustment system. It can realize feedback adjustment on each motor.At last we design a software on the computer to realise the Intelligent control and monitoring.
The NC machining system of stranded-wire spring in this paper is not only able to solve relative technical difficulties, but also succeed to improve the quantity and productivity of stranded-wire spring, and depresses the work intensity of workers. Moreover, it can reduce the cost of NC machine,and is capable of achieving flexible manufacturing and satisfying the need of production and life in our country.
Keywords: Stranded-Wire Spring, Servo motors, PLC, PC
目 錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 課題背景及意義 1
1.2 數(shù)控技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.1 數(shù)控技術(shù)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展 1
1.2.2現(xiàn)代數(shù)控關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 2
1.2.3 數(shù)控技術(shù)的前景趨勢(shì) 3
1.3 多股簧概述 4
1.3.1 多股簧的類型 4
1.3.2 多股簧的結(jié)構(gòu)與特性 4
1.3.3 多股簧的重要用途 5
1.4 多股簧制造技術(shù)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 7
1.4.1多股簧的制造方法 7
1.4.2 多股簧制造過(guò)程中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 7
1.4.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 9
1.5 論文研究?jī)?nèi)容 10
2多股簧數(shù)控機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)方案研究 11
2.1多股簧加工過(guò)程理論基礎(chǔ) 11
2.1.1多股簧的繞制方法 11
2.1.2多股簧加工過(guò)程中的速度匹配 12
2.2伺服控制系統(tǒng)的選擇 13
2.2.1伺服控制的原理及組成 13
2.2.2 伺服系統(tǒng)的選取 13
2.3可編程控制器 15
2.3.1可編程控制器的特點(diǎn) 15
2.3.2 可編程控制器的選型 17
2.4運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)接口信號(hào)線的連接 18
2.4.1 I/O口的分配 18
2.4.2伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器I/O連接信號(hào)線的說(shuō)明 21
2.5運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的原理及組成 24
2.6本章小結(jié) 25
3 基于PID調(diào)節(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)程序設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.1運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)主程序的設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.1.1運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)主程序流程圖 26
3.1.2加工前處理過(guò)程的程序設(shè)計(jì) 28
3.1.3主程序?qū)ψ映绦虻恼{(diào)用 29
3.2 PID調(diào)節(jié)的基本原理 31
3.2.1 PID調(diào)節(jié)的基本原理 31
3.2.2可編程控制器PID算法簡(jiǎn)介 32
3.3模擬量PID控制子程序設(shè)計(jì) 34
3.3.1 PLC模擬量的輸入和輸出 34
3.3.2模擬量PID調(diào)節(jié)的原理 35
3.4縱向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的PID控制程序設(shè)計(jì) 38
3.4.1 PLC的高速計(jì)數(shù)器和高速脈沖發(fā)生器 38
3.4.2 縱向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的PID調(diào)節(jié)原理 38
3.5 本章小結(jié) 40
4 多股簧數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)界面設(shè)計(jì) 41
4.1加工主界面的設(shè)計(jì) 41
4.2數(shù)值輸入界面的設(shè)計(jì) 43
5 結(jié)論和展望 46
致謝 47
參考文獻(xiàn) 48
摘 要
多股簧與單股螺旋彈相比,具有機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高,減振效果好,壽命和安全性較高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此主要用于對(duì)持久強(qiáng)度和安全性要求較高的場(chǎng)所,同時(shí)在民用系統(tǒng)也具有較大的應(yīng)用潛力。但是多股簧制造工藝復(fù)雜,產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量難以控制、制造成本較高,目前還主要用于有特殊要求的場(chǎng)合。因此,我們必須加強(qiáng)自主研發(fā)能力,研發(fā)出高精度和高生產(chǎn)效率的多股簧制造設(shè)備,生產(chǎn)出高質(zhì)量的多股簧,從而滿足我國(guó)國(guó)民生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展的需要。
本文通過(guò)分析國(guó)內(nèi)外多股簧制造技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀,以及分析多股簧加工過(guò)程中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及難點(diǎn),確定多股簧數(shù)控加工運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)方案,建立基于“PC+PLC+伺服電機(jī)”的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)。在本文的設(shè)計(jì)中,主要分為三部分來(lái)研究,即運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中的硬件部分、軟件部分以及計(jì)算機(jī)控制界面的設(shè)計(jì)。在運(yùn)動(dòng)控制中是通過(guò)伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器的模擬和脈沖輸入指令實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)外層擰索電機(jī)、中層擰索電機(jī)和繞簧電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的控制。同時(shí)本文采用了S7-200的PID運(yùn)算調(diào)節(jié)器,分別對(duì)各個(gè)伺服電機(jī)進(jìn)行反饋調(diào)節(jié),保證電機(jī)在運(yùn)動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)過(guò)程中的平穩(wěn)性。再次設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)能在計(jì)算機(jī)界面上控制的軟件,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)智能控制和監(jiān)測(cè)。
本文設(shè)計(jì)的多股簧數(shù)控加工機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),在分析已有機(jī)床的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)該機(jī)床的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改造,滿足了多股簧的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)效率,并且成功降低了機(jī)床的制造成本,降低了工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。
關(guān)鍵詞:多股螺旋彈簧,伺服驅(qū)動(dòng),PLC,PC
ABSTRACT
Stranded-wire helical spring has many predominant characters compared with single-wire helical spring. So it has been of great application value in many fields which require high permanence and safety. Furthermore, it also has important and potential value in civil use. However, the manufacturing technique of stranded-wire spring in our country is very strict. Therefore, it is critically important to strengthen the ability of self-developing and improve machining level and product quality of stranded-wire spring.
After analyzing the present manufacturing technology and key technologies in the manufacturing of stranded-wire spring, the whole control system are based on PC Programmable Logic Controller and servo motors. Three parts are researched in motion control system, which are the design of hardware, the design of software, and the design of computer interfaces. In the course of control,input order in driver controller is used to control the speed of motors to tweak outer wires , middle wires and stranded-wire spring.In order to make motion smooth, PID adjustor in S7-200 is used in the adjustment system. It can realize feedback adjustment on each motor.At last we design a software on the computer to realise the Intelligent control and monitoring.
The NC machining system of stranded-wire spring in this paper is not only able to solve relative technical difficulties, but also succeed to improve the quantity and productivity of stranded-wire spring, and depresses the work intensity of workers. Moreover, it can reduce the cost of NC machine,and is capable of achieving flexible manufacturing and satisfying the need of production and life in our country.
Keywords: Stranded-Wire Spring, Servo motors, PLC, PC
目 錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 課題背景及意義 1
1.2 數(shù)控技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.1 數(shù)控技術(shù)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展 1
1.2.2現(xiàn)代數(shù)控關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 2
1.2.3 數(shù)控技術(shù)的前景趨勢(shì) 3
1.3 多股簧概述 4
1.3.1 多股簧的類型 4
1.3.2 多股簧的結(jié)構(gòu)與特性 4
1.3.3 多股簧的重要用途 5
1.4 多股簧制造技術(shù)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 7
1.4.1多股簧的制造方法 7
1.4.2 多股簧制造過(guò)程中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 7
1.4.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 9
1.5 論文研究?jī)?nèi)容 10
2多股簧數(shù)控機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)方案研究 11
2.1多股簧加工過(guò)程理論基礎(chǔ) 11
2.1.1多股簧的繞制方法 11
2.1.2多股簧加工過(guò)程中的速度匹配 12
2.2伺服控制系統(tǒng)的選擇 13
2.2.1伺服控制的原理及組成 13
2.2.2 伺服系統(tǒng)的選取 13
2.3可編程控制器 15
2.3.1可編程控制器的特點(diǎn) 15
2.3.2 可編程控制器的選型 17
2.4運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)接口信號(hào)線的連接 18
2.4.1 I/O口的分配 18
2.4.2伺服驅(qū)動(dòng)器I/O連接信號(hào)線的說(shuō)明 21
2.5運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的原理及組成 24
2.6本章小結(jié) 25
3 基于PID調(diào)節(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)程序設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.1運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)主程序的設(shè)計(jì) 26
3.1.1運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)主程序流程圖 26
3.1.2加工前處理過(guò)程的程序設(shè)計(jì) 28
3.1.3主程序?qū)ψ映绦虻恼{(diào)用 29
3.2 PID調(diào)節(jié)的基本原理 31
3.2.1 PID調(diào)節(jié)的基本原理 31
3.2.2可編程控制器PID算法簡(jiǎn)介 32
3.3模擬量PID控制子程序設(shè)計(jì) 34
3.3.1 PLC模擬量的輸入和輸出 34
3.3.2模擬量PID調(diào)節(jié)的原理 35
3.4縱向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的PID控制程序設(shè)計(jì) 38
3.4.1 PLC的高速計(jì)數(shù)器和高速脈沖發(fā)生器 38
3.4.2 縱向進(jìn)給電機(jī)的PID調(diào)節(jié)原理 38
3.5 本章小結(jié) 40
4 多股簧數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算機(jī)界面設(shè)計(jì) 41
4.1加工主界面的設(shè)計(jì) 41
4.2數(shù)值輸入界面的設(shè)計(jì) 43
5 結(jié)論和展望 46
致謝 47
參考文獻(xiàn) 48