焊縫形狀對(duì)鋁合金焊接殘余應(yīng)力應(yīng)變影響分析(本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)).doc
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焊縫形狀對(duì)鋁合金焊接殘余應(yīng)力應(yīng)變影響分析(本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì)),摘要本文在總結(jié)前人的工作基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合數(shù)值計(jì)算的方法,對(duì)焊接過(guò)程產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)及焊后殘余應(yīng)力和變形進(jìn)行了二維實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)模擬的研究,提出了基于ansys軟件的焊接應(yīng)力和變形的模擬分析方法,并對(duì)不同的焊接接頭的應(yīng)力作了分析,且分析結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)的分析結(jié)果和理論基本吻合。在模擬...


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焊縫形狀對(duì)鋁合金焊接殘余應(yīng)力應(yīng)變影響分析(本科畢業(yè)論文設(shè)計(jì))
摘 要
本文在總結(jié)前人的工作基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合數(shù)值計(jì)算的方法,對(duì)焊接過(guò)程產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)及焊后殘余應(yīng)力和變形進(jìn)行了二維實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)模擬的研究,提出了基于ANSYS軟件的焊接應(yīng)力和變形的模擬分析方法,并對(duì)不同的焊接接頭的應(yīng)力作了分析,且分析結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)的分析結(jié)果和理論基本吻合。
在模擬計(jì)算時(shí),采用ANSYS軟件的熱-結(jié)構(gòu)藕合功能,利用間接法,先計(jì)算焊接溫度場(chǎng),溫度場(chǎng)模擬準(zhǔn)確之后保存其結(jié)果,再進(jìn)行焊接應(yīng)力和變形的計(jì)算。
模擬計(jì)算中一個(gè)最大的問(wèn)題就是計(jì)算時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng),分析其原因主要有兩點(diǎn):
(1)嚴(yán)重的材料和幾何非線性導(dǎo)致求解過(guò)程收斂困難:
(2)因熱源移動(dòng)需采用多步載荷進(jìn)行計(jì)算。
為了解決這一問(wèn)題并提高計(jì)算精度,本文對(duì)不同溫度時(shí)材料的物理性能參數(shù)進(jìn)行了一定的選取和處理;采用自由網(wǎng)格劃分形式劃分網(wǎng)格以保證焊縫處網(wǎng)格足夠細(xì)小;選取高斯函數(shù)分布的熱源模型,利用ANSYS軟件的APDL(ANSYS Parametric Design Language)語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)移動(dòng)熱源的加載;選取適當(dāng)?shù)挠?jì)算時(shí)間步長(zhǎng);采用“生死單元”法模擬熔池金屬的熔化和凝固。
通過(guò)研究和算例驗(yàn)證,本文建立了可行的二維焊接應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的動(dòng)態(tài)模擬分析方法,為復(fù)雜焊接結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行二維焊接應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的分析提供了理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo),促進(jìn)了有限元分析技術(shù)在焊接力學(xué)分析以及工程中的應(yīng)用。
關(guān)鍵詞:焊接,有限元,數(shù)值模擬,ANSYS,應(yīng)力和變形
ABSTRACT
This paper researched how to realize the2D dynamic simulation of welding stress field and welding deformation when weldment is been welding and welding residual stress and residual deformation when weldment is cooled, then uses the research result to simulate the welding process of board surfacing. At the same time, the calculation result accords with traditional analysis results and theory results.
When calculating, through ANSYS' thermal-structure couples function, firstly calculate welding temperature field and save the result, then use the temperature result as load to calculate welding stress and deformation
The most important problem, we have to face when calculating, is that the counting time is too long. There are three reasons:
(1) Serious material and geometrical nonlinear result in difficult solving convergence.
(2) Have to employ mufti-step load for moving heat source.
In order to solve the problem and improve solution accuracy, this paper chooses stated material property parameter, uses free mesh, chooses Gauss function heat source model, uses ANSYS' APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) to compile program to apply load of moving heat source, chooses suitable time step, uses the method of "birth and death" method to simulate the weld pool's melting and freezing.
Through research and practical verify, this paper establishes a feasible dynamic simulation method on 2D welding stress field and deformation, which provides theory foundation and instruction, promotes the application of FEM (Finite Element Method) on welding mechanics analysis and engineering.
Keywords:
Welding, finite element, numerical simulation field, ansys, stress and deformation
目 錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1引言 1
1.2焊接殘余應(yīng)力研究現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì) 2
1.3ANSYS軟件在焊接殘余應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分析中現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展 3
1.4本課題的重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容及實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑 4
1.5本課題的意義 4
2 鋁合金焊接殘余應(yīng)力 5
2.1焊接殘余應(yīng)力的定義 5
2.2焊接殘余應(yīng)力的分布及測(cè)量 5
2.2.1焊接殘余應(yīng)力的分布 5
2.2.2殘余應(yīng)力的測(cè)量方法 5
2.3焊接殘余應(yīng)力的作用及影響 5
2.3.1對(duì)構(gòu)件承受載荷能力的影響 5
2.3.2對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)脆裂性斷裂影響 6
2.3.3對(duì)疲勞強(qiáng)度的影響 6
2.3.4對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)剛度的影響 6
2.3.5 對(duì)受壓桿件穩(wěn)定性的影響 6
2.3.6對(duì)應(yīng)力腐蝕的影響 7
2.3.7對(duì)構(gòu)件精度和尺寸穩(wěn)定性的影響 7
2.4焊接殘余應(yīng)力在構(gòu)件中的分布特點(diǎn) 7
2.5焊接殘余應(yīng)力的消除和控制 7
2.5.1減小焊接內(nèi)應(yīng)力的措施 7
2.5.2減小焊接應(yīng)力的工藝措施 7
2.5.3焊后消除焊接殘余應(yīng)力的方法 8
3 ANSYS軟件簡(jiǎn)介 9
3.1引言 9
3.2有限元法基本理論 9
3.2.1有限元方法簡(jiǎn)介 10
3.2.2典型分析步驟 10
3.3有限元程序前后處理技術(shù) 11
3.3.1前處理算法 11
3.3.2后處理技術(shù) 11
3.4有限元軟件ANSYS 12
3.4.1ANSYS軟件的分析類型 12
3.4.2ANSYS 的特點(diǎn) 13
3.4.3ANSYS軟件結(jié)構(gòu) 15
4 ANSYS焊接仿真分析 16
4.1研究對(duì)象 17
4.2計(jì)算流程 19
4.3有限元模型的建立 20
4.3.1定義材料的屬性 20
4.3.2建立的模型圖 21
4.3.3網(wǎng)格的劃分 23
4.3.4加載邊界條件 24
4.4本章小結(jié) 25
5 仿真結(jié)果的分析與討論 26
6結(jié)論 31
7致謝 32
8參考文獻(xiàn) 33
摘 要
本文在總結(jié)前人的工作基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合數(shù)值計(jì)算的方法,對(duì)焊接過(guò)程產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力場(chǎng)及焊后殘余應(yīng)力和變形進(jìn)行了二維實(shí)時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)模擬的研究,提出了基于ANSYS軟件的焊接應(yīng)力和變形的模擬分析方法,并對(duì)不同的焊接接頭的應(yīng)力作了分析,且分析結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)的分析結(jié)果和理論基本吻合。
在模擬計(jì)算時(shí),采用ANSYS軟件的熱-結(jié)構(gòu)藕合功能,利用間接法,先計(jì)算焊接溫度場(chǎng),溫度場(chǎng)模擬準(zhǔn)確之后保存其結(jié)果,再進(jìn)行焊接應(yīng)力和變形的計(jì)算。
模擬計(jì)算中一個(gè)最大的問(wèn)題就是計(jì)算時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng),分析其原因主要有兩點(diǎn):
(1)嚴(yán)重的材料和幾何非線性導(dǎo)致求解過(guò)程收斂困難:
(2)因熱源移動(dòng)需采用多步載荷進(jìn)行計(jì)算。
為了解決這一問(wèn)題并提高計(jì)算精度,本文對(duì)不同溫度時(shí)材料的物理性能參數(shù)進(jìn)行了一定的選取和處理;采用自由網(wǎng)格劃分形式劃分網(wǎng)格以保證焊縫處網(wǎng)格足夠細(xì)小;選取高斯函數(shù)分布的熱源模型,利用ANSYS軟件的APDL(ANSYS Parametric Design Language)語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)移動(dòng)熱源的加載;選取適當(dāng)?shù)挠?jì)算時(shí)間步長(zhǎng);采用“生死單元”法模擬熔池金屬的熔化和凝固。
通過(guò)研究和算例驗(yàn)證,本文建立了可行的二維焊接應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的動(dòng)態(tài)模擬分析方法,為復(fù)雜焊接結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行二維焊接應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的分析提供了理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo),促進(jìn)了有限元分析技術(shù)在焊接力學(xué)分析以及工程中的應(yīng)用。
關(guān)鍵詞:焊接,有限元,數(shù)值模擬,ANSYS,應(yīng)力和變形
ABSTRACT
This paper researched how to realize the2D dynamic simulation of welding stress field and welding deformation when weldment is been welding and welding residual stress and residual deformation when weldment is cooled, then uses the research result to simulate the welding process of board surfacing. At the same time, the calculation result accords with traditional analysis results and theory results.
When calculating, through ANSYS' thermal-structure couples function, firstly calculate welding temperature field and save the result, then use the temperature result as load to calculate welding stress and deformation
The most important problem, we have to face when calculating, is that the counting time is too long. There are three reasons:
(1) Serious material and geometrical nonlinear result in difficult solving convergence.
(2) Have to employ mufti-step load for moving heat source.
In order to solve the problem and improve solution accuracy, this paper chooses stated material property parameter, uses free mesh, chooses Gauss function heat source model, uses ANSYS' APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) to compile program to apply load of moving heat source, chooses suitable time step, uses the method of "birth and death" method to simulate the weld pool's melting and freezing.
Through research and practical verify, this paper establishes a feasible dynamic simulation method on 2D welding stress field and deformation, which provides theory foundation and instruction, promotes the application of FEM (Finite Element Method) on welding mechanics analysis and engineering.
Keywords:
Welding, finite element, numerical simulation field, ansys, stress and deformation
目 錄
中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1引言 1
1.2焊接殘余應(yīng)力研究現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì) 2
1.3ANSYS軟件在焊接殘余應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分析中現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展 3
1.4本課題的重點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容及實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑 4
1.5本課題的意義 4
2 鋁合金焊接殘余應(yīng)力 5
2.1焊接殘余應(yīng)力的定義 5
2.2焊接殘余應(yīng)力的分布及測(cè)量 5
2.2.1焊接殘余應(yīng)力的分布 5
2.2.2殘余應(yīng)力的測(cè)量方法 5
2.3焊接殘余應(yīng)力的作用及影響 5
2.3.1對(duì)構(gòu)件承受載荷能力的影響 5
2.3.2對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)脆裂性斷裂影響 6
2.3.3對(duì)疲勞強(qiáng)度的影響 6
2.3.4對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)剛度的影響 6
2.3.5 對(duì)受壓桿件穩(wěn)定性的影響 6
2.3.6對(duì)應(yīng)力腐蝕的影響 7
2.3.7對(duì)構(gòu)件精度和尺寸穩(wěn)定性的影響 7
2.4焊接殘余應(yīng)力在構(gòu)件中的分布特點(diǎn) 7
2.5焊接殘余應(yīng)力的消除和控制 7
2.5.1減小焊接內(nèi)應(yīng)力的措施 7
2.5.2減小焊接應(yīng)力的工藝措施 7
2.5.3焊后消除焊接殘余應(yīng)力的方法 8
3 ANSYS軟件簡(jiǎn)介 9
3.1引言 9
3.2有限元法基本理論 9
3.2.1有限元方法簡(jiǎn)介 10
3.2.2典型分析步驟 10
3.3有限元程序前后處理技術(shù) 11
3.3.1前處理算法 11
3.3.2后處理技術(shù) 11
3.4有限元軟件ANSYS 12
3.4.1ANSYS軟件的分析類型 12
3.4.2ANSYS 的特點(diǎn) 13
3.4.3ANSYS軟件結(jié)構(gòu) 15
4 ANSYS焊接仿真分析 16
4.1研究對(duì)象 17
4.2計(jì)算流程 19
4.3有限元模型的建立 20
4.3.1定義材料的屬性 20
4.3.2建立的模型圖 21
4.3.3網(wǎng)格的劃分 23
4.3.4加載邊界條件 24
4.4本章小結(jié) 25
5 仿真結(jié)果的分析與討論 26
6結(jié)論 31
7致謝 32
8參考文獻(xiàn) 33
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