摘 要

板料沖壓成型是一種重要的塑性加工方法，在現(xiàn)代汽車工業(yè)的運(yùn)用中越來(lái)越廣泛，汽車行業(yè)日益激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，不僅要求提高沖壓的生產(chǎn)效率，而且對(duì)沖壓生產(chǎn)工藝的優(yōu)化控制提出了更高的要求。因此，沖壓工藝技術(shù)方法的不斷完善和提高一直是板料成型技術(shù)的研究熱點(diǎn)。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)硬件技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)等學(xué)科的迅猛發(fā)展，CAD技術(shù)已成為產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)人員進(jìn)行研發(fā)的重要工具，其中的三維造型技術(shù)已被制造業(yè)廣泛運(yùn)用于產(chǎn)品及模具設(shè)計(jì)，方案評(píng)審，自動(dòng)化加工制造及管理維護(hù)各個(gè)方面。
本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)以轎車的底板縱梁為研究對(duì)象。根據(jù)給定的三維實(shí)體模型，對(duì)零件的幾何外形和結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析以確定其成形過(guò)程中需要的成形方法。然后以沖壓工藝手冊(cè)等大量參考資料為依據(jù)，通過(guò)計(jì)算和分析對(duì)成形方法的可行性進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。在確定簡(jiǎn)單工序之后，根據(jù)各工序自身特點(diǎn)確定成形次數(shù)和工序的復(fù)合方式，然后利用三維建模軟件UGNX畫出每個(gè)工步的三維簡(jiǎn)圖，從而合理的表述其工藝流程。最后，利用模具設(shè)計(jì)2D，3D CAD軟件，對(duì)模具關(guān)鍵部位進(jìn)行三維造型，用于模具制造及模具繪圖。并且對(duì)兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵工序（切邊沖孔和彎曲）進(jìn)行模具設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)其模具總裝進(jìn)行計(jì)算機(jī)繪圖。并且拆繪其中的主要零件，確定各零件的材料規(guī)格和技術(shù)要求。
通過(guò)這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，在鞏固以前所學(xué)知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)沖壓技術(shù)，模具設(shè)計(jì)，模具制造以及計(jì)算機(jī)仿真技術(shù)等方面的知識(shí)有了進(jìn)一步的深入學(xué)習(xí)。所設(shè)計(jì)的模具能夠達(dá)到實(shí)際使用要求，為該產(chǎn)品的成功開(kāi)發(fā)提供了技術(shù)保證。


關(guān)鍵詞：板料沖壓， 模具設(shè)計(jì)，沖壓工藝分析，轎車底板縱梁











ABSTRACT

Sheet stamping is the most important plastic working method and it's applied to automobile widely more and more. With the increasingly drastic market competition in automobile industry, it requires not only high production efficiency, but also optimized control on the production process. So the continuous improvement of sheet stamping technique and process has been there search hotspot of sheet forming all along. With the swift and violent development of computer hardware and software, finite element method and computer graphics, the computer aided engineering (CAE) technology based on numerical simulation is widely used in sheet forming field.
The part this paper desinged is the longeron of soleplate on automobile .According to the three-dimensional solid model, the geometric shape and structure of the part was analysis to certain the forming method in the forming process of pars. Then, based on the large amount of reference material, the validation of forming methods was desinged by calculation and analysis .In according with the characteristics of every process, the frequency and manner of composite process can be certained, after determining the single operation. Then, every step of three-dimensional diagram was painted with 3D modeling software UGNX, to express a reasonable representation of its process. Finally, using 2D mold design, 3D CAD software, the mold 3D modeling of the key components can be painted for mold and die manufacturing drawings. And of these two key processes ( curving and shearing together with punching) Mold Design, Die assembly of its computer graphics. And demolition of painting the non-standard components, determine the components of material specifications and technical requirements.
Through this graduation project, in the consolidation of previous knowledge on the basis of stamping technology, tooling design, Die manufacturing and computer-aided design and computer simulation technology, and other aspects of knowledge has been further in-depth study. Die designed to achieve actual use requirements for the successful development of products providing technical assurance.

Key words：Sheet stamping, Die design, Analysis for stamping technology,
Computer aided design, longeron of soleplat

目錄
中文摘要 ........Ⅰ
英文摘要 ..Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.3 課題目的及內(nèi)容 4
1.4 課題的意義 5
2成形工藝分析 ..6
2.1沖壓成型的基礎(chǔ)理論 ...6
2.1.1沖壓成形的力學(xué)特點(diǎn)與分類 6
2.1.2沖壓成形中的變形趨向性及其控制 6
2.2零件成形性分析 8
2.2.1結(jié)構(gòu)及尺寸分析 8
2.2.2工藝性分析 8
2.2.3材料分析..........................................................................................8
3工藝方案的確定....................................................................................10
3.1常用沖壓工藝 .10
3.2備料工序分析 .10
3.3切邊沖孔工藝分析 .10
3.4壓筋彎曲及其翻邊分析 10
3.5 零件方案的初步確.................................................................................10
4工藝設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算....................................................................................12
4.1毛坯尺寸的確定 12
4.2毛坯的排樣 13
4.3 各工序沖壓工藝力的計(jì)算和設(shè)備選擇 13
4.3.1切邊沖孔相關(guān)計(jì)算.............................................................................13
4.3.2彎曲相關(guān)計(jì)算...................................................................................14
4.3.3翻邊力的計(jì)算.................................................................................16
4.3.4二次彎曲力的計(jì)算.............................................