摘 要

隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，CAD技術(shù)已成為產(chǎn)品設(shè)計人員進(jìn)行研究開發(fā)的重要工具，產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)和制造過程中都廣泛地使用計算機(jī)幾何造型技術(shù)。但仍有部分產(chǎn)品由于種種原因，最初并不是用計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(簡稱CAD)進(jìn)行模型描述，設(shè)計者面對的還是實物樣件，從實物樣件獲取數(shù)字化模型來進(jìn)行后續(xù)的處理，對樣件進(jìn)行仿制和改造。目前這種從實物樣件獲取產(chǎn)品數(shù)學(xué)模型的相關(guān)技術(shù)，已發(fā)展成為CAD／CAM系統(tǒng)中的一個相對獨立的范疇，即“逆向工程”(簡稱RE)。
本文首先闡述了逆向工程的基本概念及原理，通過對正、逆向工程工作流程的對比顯示出逆向工程的在產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程中的優(yōu)越性，并對逆向工程實施設(shè)備及關(guān)鍵技術(shù)作了簡明的介紹，并討論了逆向工程過程中存在的問題；然后系統(tǒng)地介紹了逆向工程中的接觸式和非接觸式數(shù)據(jù)測量方法；又詳細(xì)介紹了數(shù)據(jù)的排序及矢量化、數(shù)據(jù)多視圖拼合、特征提取、數(shù)據(jù)分塊等數(shù)據(jù)處理方法。
最后，本文通過美國房車空調(diào)上外殼的逆向設(shè)計的實例建模，詳細(xì)介紹了利用ATOS光學(xué)掃描系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)采集，數(shù)據(jù)處理和利用UG軟件進(jìn)行模型重建的主要操作步驟。


關(guān)鍵詞：逆向工程，數(shù)據(jù)采集，數(shù)據(jù)處理，模型重建
















ABSTRACT

With the development of computer technology, CAD technology has become a product design personnel to carry out research and development of important tools. But there are still various reasons due to some products, their first describe is not computer-aided design (CAD) model. What designers face is still real objects. They access digital model from this kind of physical parts to conduct a follow-up treatment, and imitation or transformation these parts. At present, this kind of technologies which access products’ mathematical model from physical model, has developed into a relatively independent areas in CAD/CAM system, which is called "Reverse engineering" (RE).
First, this paper introduction basic concepts and principles of Reverse engineering, to contrast Positive engineering and Reverse engineering’s work processes, Show the superiority of reverse engineering of the production process. And introduced concise the equipment and the implementation of key technologies of RE. And discussed the existing problems in the process of reverse engineering; And then systematically introduced contact and non-contact method of measurement data of reverse engineering; then also described in detail the sort and vector data, data pieced together in multi-view, feature extraction, data block, and other data-processing methods.
Finally, through a example of the reverse engineering Digital Design for Up Dos Shell of Air conditioning on U.S. Recreational Vehicle, detailed introduced to the use of ATOS optical scanning system for data collection,data processing; and model reconstruction process in UG Software.


Keywords：Reverse engineering, Data collection, Data processing,
Model reconstruction








目 錄
摘 要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 逆向工程概述 1
1.2.1 逆向工程的定義 1
1.2.2 逆向工程的設(shè)計流程 2
1.2.3 逆向工程的應(yīng)用 2
1.2.4 逆向工程技術(shù)在國內(nèi)外研究狀況 3
1.2.5 逆向工程實施條件 4
1.2.6 逆向工程技術(shù)中注意的問題 5
2 數(shù)據(jù)采集 6
2.1 接觸式測量方法 6
2.2 非接觸式測量方法 7
2.2.1 激光三角法 8
2.2.2 光柵投影法 8
2.3 測量時應(yīng)注意的問題 9
2.4 本章小結(jié) 10
3 數(shù)據(jù)處理 11
3.1 掃描數(shù)據(jù)分析 11
3.2 數(shù)據(jù)處理簡介 12
3.2.1 數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù) 13
3.2.2 數(shù)據(jù)的排序及矢量化 15
3.2.3 數(shù)據(jù)多視圖拼合技術(shù) 15
3.2.4 特征提取技術(shù) 16
3.2.5 數(shù)據(jù)分塊技術(shù) 17
3.3 本章小結(jié) 17
4 模型重建 18
4.1 逆向工程中曲面造型技術(shù) 18
4.1.1 三角Bezier曲面重構(gòu) 18
4.1.2 一般B樣條或NURBS曲面重構(gòu) 19
4.2 UG三維軟件簡介 19
4.3 UG的特點 20
4.4 UG的主要功能 21
4.5 本章小結(jié) 22
5 上外殼零件建模 23
5.1產(chǎn)品數(shù)據(jù)采集過程 23
5.2 模型重建 25
5.3 本章小結(jié) 30
6 結(jié)論 31
致謝 32
參考文獻(xiàn) 33