包鋼軌梁廠蓄熱式加熱爐數(shù)值模擬

摘要
高溫空氣燃燒技術(shù)是燃燒學(xué)和熱工領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)重要技術(shù)革新，研究高溫空氣燃燒過(guò)程及其在冶金工業(yè)爐窯中的熱工特性，對(duì)于進(jìn)一步發(fā)展高溫空氣燃燒技術(shù)的理論和應(yīng)用具有重要意義。
蓄熱燃燒技術(shù)具有節(jié)約燃?xì)獾南穆?提高爐內(nèi)溫度場(chǎng)的均勻性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文對(duì)高溫空氣燃燒技術(shù)的應(yīng)用及發(fā)展、計(jì)算流體力學(xué)的理論和燃燒過(guò)程數(shù)值模擬方法的研究進(jìn)行分析，針對(duì)高溫空氣燃燒的基本特征，采用工業(yè)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)研究和Fluent數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法，研究了高溫空氣燃燒過(guò)程特點(diǎn)及其在蓄熱式加熱爐內(nèi)的流體流動(dòng)、燃燒、傳熱等過(guò)程的模擬。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容有及特點(diǎn)有：
（1）通過(guò)蓄熱式加熱爐的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀，詳細(xì)地闡述高溫空氣燃燒技術(shù)的基本原理、主要特點(diǎn)、研發(fā)現(xiàn)狀及存在的問(wèn)題，及時(shí)掌握蓄熱式加熱爐的發(fā)展動(dòng)向，為優(yōu)化蓄熱式加熱爐的研究做參考資料。
（2）通過(guò)Ansys軟件，建立了具有多入口、多出口的三維非穩(wěn)態(tài)高溫空氣燃燒過(guò)程的數(shù)值仿真系統(tǒng)，研究加熱爐內(nèi)流場(chǎng)、溫度場(chǎng)的分布情況，并研究預(yù)熱溫度、燃?xì)?空氣流量等操作參數(shù)對(duì)爐內(nèi)燃燒狀況的影響，用試驗(yàn)結(jié)果對(duì)數(shù)值模擬研究進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，分析試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。
（3）通過(guò)對(duì)蓄熱式加熱爐數(shù)值模擬的研究和加熱爐內(nèi)HITAC過(guò)程與鋼坯加熱過(guò)程進(jìn)行的模擬，優(yōu)化包鋼軌梁廠3#加熱爐的操作運(yùn)行。利用該系統(tǒng)對(duì)鋼坯在爐內(nèi)的加熱過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬分析，并與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)記錄數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比，證明了模型的研究?jī)r(jià)值和適用性;在此基礎(chǔ)上，分析燃燒組合方式對(duì)爐內(nèi)流場(chǎng)、溫度場(chǎng)和濃度場(chǎng)以及鋼坯加熱效果的影響，研究結(jié)果將為蓄熱式加熱爐在我國(guó)的推廣與設(shè)計(jì)提供技術(shù)參數(shù)和參考模型。
關(guān)鍵詞:高溫空氣燃燒技術(shù)，蓄熱式加熱爐，數(shù)值模擬，流場(chǎng)，溫度場(chǎng)，加熱效果
 
ABSTRACT
High temperature air combustion technology is the combustion and thermal fields is an important technological innovation of high temperature air combustion processes and in the metallurgical industry furnace in thermal properties, high temperature air combustion for the further development of the theory and application of technology is important .
Regenerative combustion technology with saving gas consumption rate, improve the uniformity of furnace temperature field advantages. In this paper, the application of high temperature air combustion technology and the development of computational fluid dynamics theory and numerical simulation of combustion methods of analysis, For the basic features of high temperature air combustion, using field research and industrial applications Fluent method of combining numerical simulation to study the characteristics of high temperature air combustion process and in the regenerative furnace of fluid flow, combustion, heat transfer and other process simulation . Main research content and features:
(1) through the regenerative furnace of the development and application status, detailed description of high temperature air combustion technology, the basic principles, main characteristics, development status and problems, and grasp the development trend of regenerative furnace, to optimize the build hot furnace of doing references.
(2) by Ansys software, set up with multiple entry, multi-dimensional non-steady-state export of high temperature air combustion numerical simulation to study the flow field inside the furnace, temperature distribution, and to study the preheating temperature, gas - air flow and other operating parameters on the impact of combustion conditions, using numerical simulation test results verify the analysis results.
(3) by numerical simulation of regenerative reheating furnace and the furnace in the research process and billet heating HITAC process simulation, optimization package rail beam 3 # heating furnace of the operation to run. Using the system on steel billet in the furnace heating process simulation, and production records and field data comparison proved the value and applicability of the model; On this basis, analysis of composition of the furnace combustion flow field, temperature field and concentration field, as well as billet heating effect, The results for regenerative furnace in China to promote the provision of technical and design parameters and reference model.

KEYWORDS: high temperature air combustion, regenerative furnace, numerical simulation, flow field, temperature field, heating effects.
 
目  錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 論文綜述 7
1.1、蓄熱式加熱爐的發(fā)展背景及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 7
1.1.1 課題研究背景 7
1.1.2蓄熱燃燒技術(shù)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 7
1.2、蓄熱式加熱爐在國(guó)際及國(guó)內(nèi)的發(fā)展 8
1.2.1蓄熱式加熱爐在國(guó)際的發(fā)展 8
1.2.2蓄熱式加熱爐在國(guó)內(nèi)的發(fā)展 9
1.2.2.2、蓄熱式燒嘴發(fā)展 9
1.2.3 數(shù)值模擬在蓄熱式加熱爐的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 9
1.3 課題研究?jī)?nèi)容 10
1.4 本章小結(jié) 11
第二章 蓄熱式高溫空氣燃燒技術(shù)及特點(diǎn) 12
2.1 蓄熱式高溫空氣然燒技術(shù)的原理及原則 12
2.1.1蓄熱燃燒技術(shù)原理 12
2.1.2 高溫低氧燃燒技術(shù)的基本原則 13
2.2 蓄熱式高溫空氣嫩燒技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵部件和主要特點(diǎn) 13
2.2.1 蓄熱體 14
2.2.2換向裝置 14
2.2.3換向時(shí)間 14
2.3  高溫低氧氣氛下燃料的燃燒特征 15
2.3.1 燃燒火焰的結(jié)構(gòu)和特征 15
2.3.2 燃燒溫度研究 16
2.3.3  NOx的生成 17
2.4 本章小結(jié) 20
第三章 燃燒過(guò)程數(shù)值模擬分析過(guò)程 21
3.1 計(jì)算流體力學(xué)的發(fā)展及應(yīng)用 21
3.1.1計(jì)算流體力學(xué)的發(fā)展 21
3.1.2 計(jì)算流體力學(xué)的應(yīng)用 21
3.2數(shù)值模擬在燃燒過(guò)程研究中的作用 22
3.3燃燒過(guò)程的數(shù)值模擬基礎(chǔ)分析 23
3.3.1湍流流動(dòng)的特點(diǎn). 23
3.3.2湍流流動(dòng)模型 24
3.3.3湍流氣相燃燒模型 28
3.3.4混合燃燒模型 28
3.3.5 輻射換熱模型 28
3.3.6  NOx生成模型 31
3.4 高溫空氣燃燒過(guò)程數(shù)值計(jì)算中數(shù)學(xué)模型的確定 32
3.5 本章小結(jié) 33
第四章 HTAC加熱爐數(shù)值模擬 34
4.1 數(shù)值模擬的對(duì)象 34
4.1.1模擬對(duì)象的描述： 34
4.1.2 3#加熱爐的簡(jiǎn)化及假設(shè) 35
4.2建模操作步驟： 35
4.2.1利用Ansys中的DM軟件建立計(jì)算區(qū)域 35
4.2.2 計(jì)算區(qū)域的網(wǎng)格劃分 36
4.3爐內(nèi)燃燒模擬計(jì)算中物理模型的確定 37
4.4各種邊界條件的設(shè)定 40
4.5本章小結(jié) 42
第五章 數(shù)值模擬的后處理及結(jié)果 43
5.1 燃燒過(guò)程的模擬流程 43
5.2 計(jì)算結(jié)果及其分析 44
5.2.1加熱爐內(nèi)流場(chǎng)特征 44
5.2.2 加熱爐內(nèi)溫度分布特征 46
5.2.3 CO2質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)分布 47
5.3模擬結(jié)果的后處理 48
5.4不同換向組織方式對(duì)鋼坯加熱能力影響的仿真實(shí)驗(yàn) 49
5.4.1 全同側(cè)換向控制時(shí)的仿真結(jié)果與分析 50
5.4.2 交叉換向控制時(shí)的仿真結(jié)果與分析 52
5.5本章小結(jié) 54
第六章 全文總結(jié)與后續(xù)工作建議 55
6.1 全文總結(jié) 55
6.2下一步工作的建議和構(gòu)想 56
致謝 57
參考文獻(xiàn) 58
附錄 61