摘 要

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，我國(guó)開(kāi)始進(jìn)入城市化和機(jī)動(dòng)化的加速發(fā)展階段。目前在我國(guó)形成了以地鐵、城市快速鐵路、高架輕軌等為主的多元化發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。錨固螺栓是輕軌軌道線路設(shè)備的重要部件，如果錨固螺栓失效，將會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響輕軌的運(yùn)行安全。因此，研究軌道錨固螺栓失效的原因具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
本論文著重從以下幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究：
1．從受力及疲勞角度出發(fā)分析錨固螺栓斷裂的原因。
2．用有限元法分析錨固螺栓的應(yīng)力分布，查找斷裂原因。
3．分析錨固螺栓所用材料，查找斷裂原因。
4．分析錨固螺栓熱處理工藝，查找斷裂原因
5．提出解決方案,使輕軌交通向著更安全更可靠的方向發(fā)展,為某市輕軌的發(fā)展奠定良好的基礎(chǔ)。
通過(guò)以上分析，分別從材料的選擇方面、熱處理方面等方面提出提高軌道錨固螺栓疲勞強(qiáng)度的措施。


關(guān)鍵詞: 螺栓，材料，熱處理，有限元，疲勞破壞





ABSTRACT

With the rapid economic development in China, our country has begun to enter into a stage of accelerated urbanization and mechanization. Currently in China formed a diversified development trend which represented by subway, urban express rail and elevated light rail. Anchor bolts is an important component of the Anchor bolts light rail line equipment , the failure of anchor bolts will seriously affect the safe operation of light rail. Therefore, research about the causes of the failure of anchor track bolts is of great practical significance.
This paper makes a research focusing on the following aspects:
1. Analysis of the fracture reasons of track anchor bolts from the Stress and fatigue perspective.
2. Analysis of the stress distribution of track anchor bolts by the way of finite element, find out the fracture reasons.
3. Analysis of the using materials of track anchor bolts as well as the fracture reasons.
4. Analysis of the heat treatment process of track anchor bolts, and finding out the fracture reasons.
5. Propose solutions which enable light rail traffic developed in a more secure, more reliable direction. So to laid a solid foundation for the development of light rail in ChongQing
Through the above analysis to put forward the measures to increase the track anchor bolts fatigue through many perspective, for instance, the choice of materials, heat treatment process, etc.


Key words: Bolt, materials, heat treatment, finite element, fatigue damage






目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1緒論 1
1.1 課題的研究意義 1
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況和發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 5
1.3 本課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 6
2軌道錨固螺栓受力分析 7
2.1 R=500時(shí)錨固螺栓受力分析 9
2.2 R=∞時(shí)錨固螺栓受力分析 12
2.3 R=100時(shí)錨固螺栓受力分析 15
2.4 受力分析結(jié)論 18
3軌道錨固螺栓疲勞強(qiáng)度分析 19
3.1 錨固螺栓宏觀疲勞分析 19
3.1.1材料疲勞性能指標(biāo) 21
3.1.2 錨固螺栓斷口分析…………………………………………………………………21
3.1.3 錨固螺栓疲勞強(qiáng)度計(jì)算 23
3.2 軌道錨固螺栓有限元分析 25
3.2.1 錨固螺栓有限元幾何模型的建立 26
3.2.2 有限元網(wǎng)格劃分 27
3.2.3 載荷與邊界條件的建立 28
3.2.4 材料性質(zhì)的建立 ………29
3.2.5 計(jì)算結(jié)果及分析 ………29
3.2.6 有限元分析結(jié)論 33
3.3錨固螺栓疲勞分析結(jié)論及探討 33
4軌道錨固螺栓材料及熱處理工藝分析 35
4.1錨固螺栓的材料分析 35
4.2錨固螺栓的熱處理分析 39
4.2.1淬火溫度對(duì)性能的影響 39
4.2.2回火溫度對(duì)性能的影響 40
4.2.3不同熱處理后室溫下力學(xué)性能分析……………………………………42

4.2.4分析結(jié)果 43
5 結(jié)論 45
致謝 46
參考文獻(xiàn) 47