摘 要

本文主要研究離心鑄造模具設計、數(shù)值模擬以及模具優(yōu)化。對成形工藝設備和盤狀件的成形工藝方法進行研究，運用三維建模軟件建立盤狀零件三維模型，然后根據(jù)零件設計出相關模具，而后運用對成形過程的溫度場、充型特征進行數(shù)值模擬的研究，為成形零件的模具設計作指導，進而對模具進行優(yōu)化。
本次設計模具的零件是一種在徑向上材料產(chǎn)生梯度分布的剎車盤，通過對各種鑄造方法進行比較，最終方法確定為離心鑄造。因為離心鑄造具有比其它鑄造方法生產(chǎn)功能梯度材料零件無法比擬的優(yōu)勢。
根據(jù)環(huán)狀零件的結構特征和離心鑄造成形的工藝特征，運用UG三維建模軟件實現(xiàn)了環(huán)狀零件成形模具的設計； 運用Procast數(shù)值模擬軟件對成形過程的溫度場分布進行了研究，結果表明環(huán)狀零件從外徑到鑄件心部的溫度實現(xiàn)梯度逐漸變化，鑄件實現(xiàn)了順序凝固；對三種不同模具溫度的鑄件凝固過程的溫度變化進行了研究，結果表明溫度越高鑄件凝固所需時間越長；運用先進CAD/CAE模具先進設計技術，初步實現(xiàn)了成形環(huán)狀零件的模具設計，達到了預期要求。


關鍵詞：梯度分布，盤狀件，離心鑄造，數(shù)值模擬












ABSTRACT

This paper mainly researches mould design of centrifugal casting， numerical simulation and mould optimization. Researching attachment for formation process and disc-like parts’ technique ， 3D model building is used to build disc-like parts’ 3D model， and then design the coherent model according to the part ，then the temperature field and the feature of filling up the cavity are used to research the numerical simulation ，in order to guide the model design of the part ，then optimize the model.
The part of this model design is a braking discoid which material generate graded distribution in radial. Comparing with many casting method ，the method is determined to centrifugal casting .Because the centrifugal casting has many advantages that other casting methods can’t compare.
According to the structure of the ring-like parts and the process feature of centrifugal casting foring, three-dimensional model building software UG is used to design the forming model of ring-like parts; the numerical simulation software Procast is used to research the distribution of forming process’ temperature field,the result indicates that the temperature of ring-like parts generate graded distribution from outside diameter to the core of the cast and the cast realizes progressive solidification ;the change of the cast freezing process’ temperature under three different model temperatures is researched , the result indicates that the temperature higher ,the cast freezing’s time the more;the model advanced technology CAD/CAE is used to realize the design of the ring-like parts’ froming model and reaches the expected requirements.


Keyword: Graded distribution， disc-like parts， centrifugal casting， numerical simulation


目 錄

摘 要 ……………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………….Ⅱ
1 緒論 …………………………………………………………………….1
1.1 引言 …………………………………………………………………...1
1.2 離心鑄造及功能梯度材料概述…………………………………………………………….2
1.2.1 離心鑄造……………………………………………………………………………….2
1.2.2 功能梯度材料………………………………………………………………………….2
1.2.3 功能梯度材料的制備方法…………………………………………………………….3
1.3 數(shù)值模擬……………………………………………………………………………………...4
1.4 課題的研究目的及意義……………………………………………………………………...5
1.4.1 課題的研究目的…………………………………………………………………...…..5
1.4.2 課題的研究意義……………………………………………………………………….5
1.5 課題的研究任務…………………………………………………………………………..…..5
2 模具設計……………………………………………………………………………………..6
2.1 工藝及模具結構初步分析…………………………………………………………………...6
2.1.1 零件成形工藝性分析………………………………………………………………….6
2.1.2 確定澆注位置和分型面……………………………………………………………….7
2.1.3 確定鑄造工藝參數(shù)…………………………………………………………………….7
2.1.4 澆注系統(tǒng)的設計……………………………………………………………………….9
2.2 模具設計………………………………………………………………………………….....15
2.2.1 鑄件型腔的設計……………………………………………………………………...15
2.2.2 模具型腔設計………………………………………………………………………...16
2.2.3 模具外部結構設計…………………………………………………………………...17
2.3 三維實體建立……………………………………………………………………………….19
3 數(shù)值模擬……………………………………………………………………………………….20
3.1 模擬過程前處理………………………………………………………………………...20
3.2 數(shù)值模擬預處理條件設置……………………………………………………………...22

4 結論……………………………………..