摘 要

全鋁發(fā)動機缸體耐磨處理工藝有很多種，主要有電鍍和化學鍍、激光處理、等離子處理、氧化處理等。本文主要研究了采用硬質(zhì)陽極氧化處理來提高全鋁發(fā)動機缸體的耐磨性。
文章主要介紹了該硬質(zhì)陽極氧化實驗的準備工作，包括缸體的制備、試驗儀器的準備、裝夾裝置、實驗材料的準備和工藝流程的確定；電解液配方的確定；工藝參數(shù)的確定及影響；氧化性能的檢測和一些氧化機理等。
該試驗選用CG150缸體，缸體鑲套部分材料為YL12，而缸體部分材料為YL112。該試驗選用兩種電解液配方，通過比較得出試驗優(yōu)選的電解液配方為：硫酸 150～240g∕L，乳酸12～24 g∕L，草酸8～16 g∕L，甘油50 g∕L，氧化膜表面硬度HV0.01達到349。并通過大量的試驗研究了工藝參數(shù)如電流密度、時間、溫度等對氧化陶瓷層厚度、硬度等的影響，并確定它們最佳參數(shù)值。檢測缸體的氧化性能，包括缸體的外觀、厚度、硬度、摩擦系數(shù)、二次加工、臺架強化等性能。通過強化試驗得到缸體的失效時間為46小時。并在文章的最后提出了試驗的改進方向：可以通過改善氧化陶瓷的表面摩擦系數(shù)，例如采用自潤滑硬質(zhì)陽極氧化技術(shù)降低膜層摩擦系數(shù)；進一步改善膜層的表面光潔度，最好達到鏡面效果?；蛘卟捎肗i基復合電鍍的方式進行缸體表面處理等。


關(guān)鍵詞：全鋁發(fā)動機缸體，耐磨處理工藝，硬質(zhì)陽極氧化，電解液，臺架強化














ABSTRACT

There are many processes to improve the wear-resistant of aluminum cylinder engine, such as: electroplating and chemical plating, laser treatment, plasma processing, oxidation process and so on. Using of hard anodizing to increase the wear-resistance of the aluminum cylinder engine has been reported in this paper.
The preparatory work of the hard anodizing has been mainly introduced in this paper, including the preparation of the cylinder, the ready of testing equipment, clamping devices, the decision of the laboratory materials and preparations for the identification process. The electrolyte formula, process parameters, and the identification impact of the performance testing have been also confirmed. The mechanism of hard anodizing has been discussed in this paper.
We have selected CG150 cylinder as test sample. The materials of the cylinder sets of inserts are YL12, and the materials of the cylinder is YL112. Two optional formula of electrolyte have been adopted in this paper. By comparing with these two electrolyte formula ,the optimization of the electrolyte formula in this test is in the follows: sulfuric acid 150 ~ 240 g / L, lactate 12 ~ 24 g / L, oxalate 8 ~ 16 g / L, glycerol 50 g / L. With this optional electrolyte, the hardness of the surface oxide film can reach HV0.01349. The parameters of influencing hardness and thickness of the oxide ceramic such as current density, anodizing time and temperature have been studied largely. And then the best parameters have been determined.. We have been detected the cylinder performance, including the cylinder appearance, thickness, hardness, friction coefficient, secondary processing, and bench strengthen. The results of cylinder strengthen test show the failure time is 46 hours. At last, the improvement directions were proposed in this paper, including improving the surface of ceramic friction coefficient, such as using self-lubricating hard anodizing film technology to reduce friction coefficient; improving the film's surface finish to achieve the best mirror effect, or using nickel-based composite Plating to treat cylinder.


Key words：Aluminum Cylinder Engine，Process of Wear-resistant，Hard Anodizing，Electrolyte，Bench Strengthen



目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1前言 1
2試驗準備 8
2.1 缸體的制備 8
2.2 試驗設備 8
2.3 裝夾裝置 9
2.4 試驗材料 10
2.5 工藝流程 10
3電解液的配方 11
4工藝參數(shù)的確定及工藝參數(shù)對氧化的影響 13
4.1 電流密度的影響 13
4.1.1電流密度對電壓的影響 13
4.1.2 電流密度對陶瓷層厚度的影響 15
4.1.3電流密度對陶瓷層硬度的影響 15
4.2 電解液溫度的影響 15
4.2.1 電解液溫度對陶瓷層硬度的影響 15
4.2.2電解液溫度對終電壓的影響 16
4.3 時間的影響 16
4.3.1時間對陶瓷層厚度的影響 16
4.3.2時間對終電壓的影響 16
4.4 電解液濃度的影響 17
5氧化性能檢測 18
5.1 外觀質(zhì)量 18
5.2厚度測試 19
5.3摩擦系數(shù)測試 20
5.4硬度測試 21
5.5二次加工 21
5.6臺架強化試驗及其結(jié)果分析 22
5.6.1臺架強化試驗結(jié)果 22
5.6.2失效的原因分析 22
5.6.3以后改進的方向 24
6 關(guān)于硬質(zhì)陽極氧化的一些探討 25
6.1 硬質(zhì)陽極氧化原理 25
6.2硬質(zhì)陽極氧化法工藝要求 25
6.2.1銳角倒圓 25
6.2.2表面光潔度 26
6.2.3零件尺寸的余量 26
6.2.4專用夾具 26
6.2.5局部保護 26
6.3硬質(zhì)氧化工藝流程 27
7結(jié)論 28
參考文獻 29