摘 要

熔化極氣體保護(hù)焊（GMAW）是焊接生產(chǎn)中最常用的焊接方法之一。由于熔化極氣體保護(hù)焊廣泛用于各行各業(yè)焊接結(jié)構(gòu)的生產(chǎn)，其產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)倍受人們關(guān)注。焊縫幾何尺寸是焊接質(zhì)量的重要影響因素，如何使焊縫達(dá)到要求的形狀和尺寸，是焊接生產(chǎn)中必須解決的問題。
本文通過分析焊接工藝規(guī)范參數(shù)對(duì)焊縫成形的影響，來探討焊接工藝與焊縫成形之間的關(guān)系。焊接工藝因素包括焊接電流、電弧電壓、保護(hù)氣體流量、焊絲伸出長(zhǎng)度等。焊接工藝因素的改變會(huì)影響電弧的熱輸入進(jìn)而引起焊縫尺寸和形狀的變化并影響到焊接質(zhì)量。本文分析了焊接電流、電弧電壓、保護(hù)氣體流量和焊絲伸出長(zhǎng)度等焊接工藝因素對(duì)焊縫成形影響的規(guī)律。
保護(hù)氣體成分的不同會(huì)引起電弧特性的變化，進(jìn)而對(duì)焊縫成形產(chǎn)生影響。本文分析了保護(hù)氣體成分的不同配比對(duì)熔化極氣體保護(hù)焊的焊接穩(wěn)定性影響。
焊絲伸出長(zhǎng)度的變化通過對(duì)焊絲金屬產(chǎn)熱的影響能改變焊縫幾何尺寸，本文分析了不同的焊絲伸出長(zhǎng)度對(duì)焊縫成形影響的規(guī)律。


關(guān)鍵詞：熔化極氣體保護(hù)焊、焊接工藝參數(shù)、保護(hù)氣體流量、焊縫幾何尺寸、焊絲伸出長(zhǎng)度
















ABSTRACT

Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is the dominant welding process. Given that GMAW is widely applied to welding structure, its product quality is paid more attention. Weld geometry size is one of the influence factors for welding quality .It is more important to make the welding shape proper.
By analyzing the welding parameters in pacts on the welding shape, this paper studies the relation between welding parameters and welding shape. Welding process factors consist of welding electric current, electric are voltage, welding speed, etc. The changing of welding process factors would result in the change of welding size and shape, and have effects on hot input and Welding quality .This passage analyzes the law of the effects which welding process factors have on welding shaping.
Changing the shielding gas, the characteristic of arc is changed too. The welding shape will be changed with the shielding gas’s changing. The passage analyzes the different proportion of shielding gas in pacts on the welding technology performance and quality in GMAW.
Different extensions have effects on resistance heat, and change the weld size and shape. This passage analyzes the different extensions in pacts on the weld geometry sizes.


Key words： GMAW, welding parameters, shielding gas flow, weld geometry sizes, electrode extension











目 錄
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT I
目 錄 II
1 緒論 1
1.1熔化極氣體 保護(hù)焊應(yīng)用概況 1
1.2焊接電弧 1
1.2.1電弧本質(zhì) 1
1.2.2 電弧中的帶電粒子 2
1.2.3 焊接電弧的產(chǎn)生 2
1.2.4 焊接電弧的結(jié)構(gòu)與溫度 3
1.2.5 焊接電弧特性 4
1.2.6 電弧力及影響因素 5
1.2.7焊接電弧的穩(wěn)定性 6
1.3本課題的研究?jī)?nèi)容、目的 7
1.3.1研究目的 7
1.3.2研究?jī)?nèi)容 8
2 試驗(yàn)方案設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.1試驗(yàn)設(shè)備 9
2.2試驗(yàn)窗口 10
2.3試驗(yàn)條件 11
3 試驗(yàn)過程 12
3.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)中應(yīng)注意的問題 12
3.2試驗(yàn)結(jié)果 12
4 試驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析 15
4.1 CO2短路過渡試驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析 15
4.1.1 焊接電流的影響 15
4.1.2 電弧電壓的影響 20
4.1.3 保護(hù)氣體流量的影響分析 24
4.2 Ar+CO2混合氣體射流過渡實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析 24
5 結(jié)論 27
致謝 28
參考文獻(xiàn) 29