摘 要

隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，機(jī)械設(shè)備的功率越來越大。對(duì)于零件可靠性的要求也越來越高。通過測(cè)試零件的振動(dòng)特性，疲勞特性等是評(píng)價(jià)零件可靠性的客觀依據(jù)，但其所對(duì)應(yīng)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的發(fā)展相對(duì)滯后。特別是大功率大扭矩、多功能、綜合試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)的研究，國(guó)內(nèi)還處于起步階段。
新型雙齒條齒輪大功率大扭矩扭振振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)是用來對(duì)零件進(jìn)行疲勞試驗(yàn)、動(dòng)態(tài)剛度、動(dòng)態(tài)阻尼等性能測(cè)試的多功能試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。它可以為零件的設(shè)計(jì)提供準(zhǔn)確而且完備的設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)，并對(duì)最終產(chǎn)品的性能予以評(píng)估。對(duì)機(jī)械零件的性能、壽命進(jìn)行測(cè)試和分析,可以為產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)與質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)提供可靠的科學(xué)依據(jù),縮短產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)周期和提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。因此對(duì)本試驗(yàn)臺(tái)相關(guān)技術(shù)的研究具有特別重要的意義。
本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型雙齒條齒輪大功率大扭矩扭振振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，其核心部件是齒輪齒條機(jī)構(gòu)。文中首先從傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法入手，設(shè)計(jì)出系統(tǒng)的各個(gè)零件；其次，運(yùn)用Pro/ENGINEER參數(shù)化建模思想，準(zhǔn)確建立系統(tǒng)的三維模型，并對(duì)齒輪齒條進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真。通過對(duì)位移曲線、速度曲線和加速度曲線的分析，了解了齒輪齒條機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律；最后，運(yùn)用ANSYS有限元分析軟件，對(duì)齒輪齒條進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析。通過對(duì)位移變形云圖的分析，得出輪齒位移變形最大位置在輪齒端部（齒寬方向上）的結(jié)論。通過對(duì)應(yīng)力分布云圖的分析，得出應(yīng)力最大值在齒根部位的結(jié)論。


關(guān)鍵詞： 齒輪齒條，大扭矩，仿真，靜力分析


ABSTRACT

With the scientific and technological development, mechanical equipment of the power is increasing. Parts of the reliability requirements are also getting higher and higher. It is the dist which tests the parts of vibration performance and fatigue behavior. But their corresponding test platform for the development has lagged behind. Especially, the research of high-power and high torque, multi-functional, comprehensive test platform, it’s the initial stage of China.
A new vibration generator of dual rack-and-gear with high power and high torque is a comprehensive experimental platform used to test fatigue, stiffness, resistance and so on. It can provide precise and general gist for the parts’ design and verify the performance of the final products. The testing and analysis of mechanical transmission system’s performance and life provides reliable scientific evidence for product design. Besides, quality eva luation shortens product development cycles and upgrades product quality. So the test bed technology related research is of great significance.
In this paper, design a new dual rack-and-gear vibration table with high-power and high torque, which core components is the rack-and-pinion. First, design the various parts of the system by the traditional design methods. Second, using the Pro/ENGINEER parameters modeling thinking to create accurate three-dimensional model of the system and simulate the rack-and-pinion. At the same time, we can obtain the law of the rack-and-pinion movement by analyzing the curve of movement. The last, using the ANSYS software analyze the gear and the rack. Through the location of deformation of the analysis, it’s a conclusion that the largest deformation location of gear tooth is at the end of the tooth (along the tooth width direction). At the same time, the largest stress is in the bottom of gear tooth.


Key words：Rack-and-pinion, High torque, Simulation, Static analysis

目 錄

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
1 緒論 1
1.1論文的選題背景與意義 1
1.2系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 1
1.3論文主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 3
1.4本章小結(jié) 3
2 方案比較 4
2.1引言 4
2.2螺旋機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) 4
2.3齒輪齒條機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) 4
2.4曲柄搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) 4
2.5方案比較結(jié)論 5
2.6本章小結(jié) 5
3 零件設(shè)計(jì) 6
3.1齒輪參數(shù)及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 6
3.1.1齒輪參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) 6
3.1.2確定齒輪參數(shù) 6
3.1.3齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度校核 7
3.1.4齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1.5齒輪潤(rùn)滑方式的選擇 10
3.2齒條參數(shù)及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.2.1齒條尺寸設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.2.2齒條結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.3軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 11
3.3.1軸直徑的初步估算 11
3.3.2軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 12
3.3.3鍵的強(qiáng)度校核 13
3.3.4軸的受力分析 14
3.4軸承選型校核 14
3.4.1軸承受力分析 14
3.4.2軸承校核 15
3.4.3軸承潤(rùn)滑方式的選擇 15
3.5軸承座結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.6箱體設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.7套筒設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.8本章小結(jié) 17
4 三維建模、運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真和結(jié)構(gòu)分析 18
4.1 系統(tǒng)三維建模 18
4.1.1零件三維建模 18
4.1.2系統(tǒng)三維裝配模型 22
4.2 齒輪齒條的運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真 23
4.2.1定義運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu) 23
4.2.2運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真及結(jié)果分析 26
4.3 主要零件結(jié)構(gòu)分析 28
4.3.1齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)分析 28
4.3.2齒條結(jié)構(gòu)分析 33
4.3.3輪齒鼓形修形與齒端修緣量 38
4.4本章小結(jié) 39
5 結(jié)論與展望 40
5.1論文的主要工作和結(jié)論 40
5.2展望以及改進(jìn) 40
參考文獻(xiàn) 42
致 謝 43