摘 要

本設(shè)計(jì)主要對(duì)兩種典型工況下液壓挖掘機(jī)反鏟裝置斗桿鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的受力進(jìn)行了有限元分析。首先，計(jì)算出兩種工況位置下斗桿所受的外力，以此作為有限元分析的外載荷。然后采用PRO/E軟件對(duì)斗桿鋼結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行三維建模，并導(dǎo)入到ANSYS軟件中進(jìn)行有限元分析。最后根據(jù)靜強(qiáng)度分析結(jié)果，對(duì)兩種工況進(jìn)行比較，再分別找出兩種工況下受力斗桿的最大應(yīng)力位置，并對(duì)現(xiàn)行設(shè)計(jì)提出改進(jìn)措施。
為了有利于分析，文中對(duì)斗桿鋼結(jié)構(gòu)得模型采取了一些簡(jiǎn)化措施。針對(duì)斗桿結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜程度，選用四面體單元及殼單元對(duì)模型進(jìn)行網(wǎng)絡(luò)劃分。對(duì)鉸銷間接觸載荷的處理時(shí)，假設(shè)載荷在X—Y平面180°范圍內(nèi)按余弦分布，軸向均勻分布，以使其受力盡量符合實(shí)際。整個(gè)分析取得了良好得效果。


關(guān)鍵詞：液壓挖掘機(jī)，有限元分析，斗桿，ANSYS
ABSTRACT
In this paper,author mostly andlysed the stress of backhoe shovel device of hydraulic excavator under two kinds of typical condition with finite element method. First of all,figured out the external forces of bucket arm under the amphi-condition,and took this forces as the external loads of finite element analysis.Then built up the 3D moldof bucket arm with software PRO/E Finally,according to the analytic result of bucket arm’s static steength,compared the result under amphi-condition and found out the maximum steess position of bucket arm under amphi-condition respectively,and author brought out the improvement advice of product.
Author adopted some measures to simplify the bucket arm so that in favor of the finite element analysis.Because of the complexfity level of the structural of bucket arm,arthor took tetrahedral element and shell element to mesh the mold. In order to make the force as soon as possible accord with reality,when deal with contact load between the pin and the hole,author assumed the loads sperad by cosine within 180°of the x – y plane and rectangular distribution towards axial direction. Towards axial direction. Whole analyses procured a satisfying effect.
Keywords: Hydraulic Wxcavator,Finite Element Analysis,Bucket Arm,ANSYS