On the Themes of the Adventure of Huckleberry Finn

摘要

大多富有重大意義的文學(xué)作品,作家都力圖表現(xiàn)一個具有深刻意義的觀念,或是某種實(shí)際的經(jīng)驗,或是極富于想象力的體驗。德國哲學(xué)家、闡釋學(xué)派著名學(xué)者迪爾賽認(rèn)為:探討作品原來的意義,實(shí)際上就是闡釋作品的主題思想?！豆素惱?#8226;芬歷險記》是美國著名現(xiàn)實(shí)主義作家馬克吐溫所寫，這部作品在美國文學(xué)史上,甚至在世界文學(xué)史上,都占有重要的地位。它持久的魅力和強(qiáng)大的生命力主要在于它的主題:深遠(yuǎn)而多角度,歷久禰新,給每個時代的讀者以深刻啟迪。也正因為這個原因,作為屬于全人類和所有時代的奇書,這部鴻篇巨制,一直受到中西學(xué)者的重視和矚目。本文探討了它的三個重要主題，一是對“自由的追求”。哈克對自由的追求表現(xiàn)在要逃離“文明”社會的虛偽與腐敗，吉姆對自由的追求表現(xiàn)在要擺脫奴隸制的枷鎖。二是“成長”。對于哈克，沿河而下的旅程是道德成長的旅程，是學(xué)習(xí)的旅程，他從個人層面和社會層面都獲得了知識，并最終成為心里健全，擁有民主理想的人。對吉姆而言，他的成長體現(xiàn)在意識的成長，他對真正“人”生活的追求和向往。三是“種族主義與奴隸制”。通過這三個主題的分析和思索，將引發(fā)不同的讀者對人生的思考，人們將繼續(xù)追尋自由，并在嘗試中不斷成長。

 
關(guān)鍵詞：主題；自由的追求；成長；種族主義與奴隸制

Abstract

In most monumental works of literature, the writers were trying to display a profound concept, or some kind of practical and imaginative experience. The German philosopher and famous elucidator Deere deemed that when explored the original meaning of works; it was actually a discovery of the theme. The adventure of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain was a hit, and it was regarded as one of the greatest books in Western literature and Western civilization. Its lasting appealing charm and great vitality mainly lied in its themes. The themes were profound, multi-angled, renewable along with times, and inspiring readers of different ages. And it has been given much attention to international scholars and researchers. There were three important themes in this novel. One theme was the “pursuit of freedom”. Huck wanted to escape from the “civilized” society while Jim wanted to escape from the oppression and bondage of slavery. The other theme was “growing”. Huck had grown up from his journey. The journey was a voyage of growth in reality and morality, and a journey of learning. On the personal and social level he acquired knowledge and became a person of sound heart, and with democratic ideals. Jim’s growing means his progress of the idea of himself. His pursuit was becoming the real human being. The third theme was the “racism and slavery”. From them, readers could think more about life.

Key Words: themes; pursuit of freedom; growing；racism and slavery

Contents

摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
1  Introduction 1
2  the Pursuit of Freedom and its theme 2
2.1 The different people’s pursuit of freedom 2
2.1.1  Huckleberry’s Pursuit of Freedom 2
2.1.2  Jim’s Pursuit of Freedom 4
2.1.3  The Other People’s Pursuit of Freedom 5
2.2  The Theme of the Pursuit of Freedom 5
3   The Process of “Growing” and its theme 6
3.1  Huck’s Growing 6
3.1.1  Huck’s Initial Thinking 6
3.1.2  The Development of Huck’s Thought 6
3.1.3  The Most Important Change happened to Huck 8
3.2  The Theme of Growing 9
4   Racism and Slavery and its theme 10
4.1  The Background of Racism and Slavery 10
4.2  The Details of the Racism and Slavery 11
4.3  The Right Attitude towards Slavery and its theme 11
5   Conclusion 13
References 15
Acknowledgements 16