某地區(qū)110KV變電站電氣設(shè)計
電氣一次部分設(shè)計


摘   要
變電站是電力系統(tǒng)的一個重要組成部分，由電氣設(shè)備及配電網(wǎng)按一定的接線方式所構(gòu)成，從電力系統(tǒng)取得電能，通過變電站來變換、分配、輸送與保護(hù)等功能，然后將電能安全、可靠、經(jīng)濟(jì)的輸送到每一個用電設(shè)備的轉(zhuǎn)換場所。作為電能傳輸與控制的樞紐，變電站必須改變傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計和控制模式，才能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng)、現(xiàn)代化工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和社會生活的發(fā)展趨勢。隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)、現(xiàn)代通信和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，為目前變電站的監(jiān)視、控制、保護(hù)和計量裝置及系統(tǒng)分隔的狀態(tài)提供了優(yōu)化組合和系統(tǒng)集成的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
110kV變電站屬于高壓網(wǎng)絡(luò)，該地區(qū)變電站需要考慮下列問題：包括分析變電站擔(dān)負(fù)的任務(wù)及地區(qū)負(fù)荷等情況，進(jìn)行負(fù)荷計算，確定無功功率補(bǔ)償裝置。同時進(jìn)行各種變壓器的選擇，從而確定變電站的接線方式，再進(jìn)行短路電流計算，選擇送配電網(wǎng)絡(luò)及導(dǎo)線，進(jìn)行短路電流計算。選擇變電站高低電氣設(shè)備，為變電站畫出平面圖和剖面圖。本次地區(qū)變電站的初步設(shè)計包括：總體方案的確定，負(fù)荷分析及無功功率補(bǔ)償裝置的選擇，短路電流計算，高低壓配電系統(tǒng)配置，防雷與接地保護(hù)等內(nèi)容。

關(guān)鍵詞: 變電站，負(fù)荷，配電系統(tǒng)，電氣部分，避雷裝置。

Abstract
  The substation is an importance part of the electric power system ,it is consisted of the electric appliance equipments and electric power system, through its function of transformation and assign ,transport and safety. As an Important part of power’s transport and control, the transformer substation must change the mode of the traditional design and control, then can adapt to the modern electric power system, the development of modern industry and the trend of society life.
The region of 110-voltage affect many fields and should consider many problems: analyses change to give or get an electric shock a mission for carrying and customers carries etc. circumstance, choose the address, make good use of customer data proceed then calculation, ascertain the correct equipment of the customer. At the same time following the choice of every kind of transformer, then make sure the line method of the transformer substation, then calculate the short-circuit electric current, choosing to send together with the electric wire method and the style of the wire, then proceeding the calculation of short-circuit electric current, choosing to send together with the electric wire method and the style of the wire, then proceeding the calculation of short-circuit electric current. This first step of design included: ascertain the total project, load analyses and compensation devices ,the calculation of the short-circuit electric current, the design of an electric shock the system design to connect with system and the choice of line project, the contents to defend the thunder and protection of connect of the earth.
Keywords: substation, load , power distribution system, electric parts, lightning arrester.
 
目 錄
摘   要 I
Abstract Ⅱ
1  設(shè)計說明 - 1 -
1.1綜述 - 1 -
1.2原始數(shù)據(jù) - 2 -
1.3任務(wù)要求 - 2 -
1.4設(shè)計分析 - 3 -
2  負(fù)荷計算與無功補(bǔ)償?shù)姆治?nbsp;- 5 -
2.1負(fù)荷計算 - 5 -
2.2無功功率補(bǔ)償設(shè)計 - 8 -
3  主變壓器的選擇與主接線的選擇 - 11 -
3.1變壓器的選擇要求 - 11 -
3.2主變壓器形式的選擇 - 12 -
3.3主接線方式的選擇要求 - 15 -
3.4主接線方式的選擇 - 16 -
4  短路電流的計算 - 18 -
4.1短路計算的目的 - 18 -
4.2短路電流計算 - 19 -
5  高壓電氣設(shè)備選擇及校驗 - 23 -
5.1電氣選擇的一般要求 - 23 -
5.2母線和導(dǎo)線的選擇 - 26 -
5.3高壓斷路器的選擇 - 30 -
5.4隔離開關(guān)的選擇 - 35 -
5.5互感器的選擇 - 37 -
5.6高壓熔斷器的選擇 - 41 -
6  配電裝置的選擇 - 43 -
6.1配電裝置概述 - 43 -
6.2變電站各電壓等級的配電裝置 - 44 -
7  防雷接地系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 - 48 -
7.1防雷系統(tǒng) - 48 -
7.2避雷針的設(shè)置及保護(hù) - 49 -
7.3變電站防雷保護(hù) - 51 -
7.4接地系統(tǒng) - 53 -
謝  辭 - 54 -
參考文獻(xiàn) - 55 -
附錄1 外文資料翻譯 - 56 -
A1.1數(shù)字化變電站概述(譯文） - 56 -
A1.2原文 - 59 -
附錄2 設(shè)備清單 - 64 -
附錄3 工程設(shè)計圖紙 - 66 -
A3.1 主接線 - 66 -
A3.2 平面圖 - 66 -
A3.3 剖面圖 - 66 -
A3.4 防雷圖 - 66 -