全球定位系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)展及其在航海的應(yīng)用

[摘要]  隨著國際貿(mào)易量的日益俱增,海洋運(yùn)輸船舶趨向于大型和超大型化發(fā)展，并且具有高危險(xiǎn)性的VLCC不斷增加。這些船舶的安全必須做到萬無一失，否則就會造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染。以GPS為代表的衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)具有全球，全天候，高精度，實(shí)時(shí)，連續(xù)導(dǎo)航定位功能，從而保證航行更安全，海洋更清潔。本文主要根據(jù)自己所學(xué)習(xí)的全球定位系統(tǒng)（GPS）方面的知識，綜合吸收專家學(xué)者的文獻(xiàn)以及資料。通過對GPS衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和原理深入的探討和分析，并且結(jié)合當(dāng)前國際的形勢闡明了筆者在衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)進(jìn)展及其在航海的應(yīng)用方向的認(rèn)識。

[關(guān)鍵詞]  全球?qū)Ш蕉ㄎ幌到y(tǒng)    衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航  定位原理   現(xiàn)代化

The progress of modernization and its application in navigation on GPS

[Abstract]  With the increasing of international trade, Sea transportation ships trend large-scale and super large-scale development, and the high risky oil tanker VLCC is increasing quickly．These ships must be guaranteed the security, otherwise it can create the huge economic loss and the serious environmental pollution. Taking GPS as representative's satellite navigational system has the whole world, all-weather, high accuracy, real-time, and continual navigation localization function, thus ensure that ships navigation is safer, and the sea is cleaner. This article mainly acts according to the satellite navigational system aspect knowledge which I hare learnt, and unify myself marine practice, the synthesis absorbs expert literature as well as the material. Through to navigational system structure and the principle of GPS ,the Galileo system, the BeiDou satellite navigational system and so on, through discussion and the analysis, contrasts various satellite system the characteristic, and unified the current international situation ,I expound my understanding of the satellite navigational system development direction.

[Keyword] GPS   satellite Navigation   Location Theory   Modernization

目錄

引 言 1
第1章 GPS衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)的概況 2
1.1 GPS的提出 2
1.2 GPS的組成及其相應(yīng)的功能 3
第2章 GPS的特點(diǎn)和定位原理 4
2.1 GPS的特點(diǎn) 4
2.2 GPS的定位原理和精度 5
2.2.1 GPS定位原理 5
2.2.2 GPS定位精度 6
第3章 GPS現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)展 8
3.1 GPS現(xiàn)代化的背景 8
3.1.1 GPS衛(wèi)星現(xiàn)代化的提出和內(nèi)涵 8
3.1.2 GPS星座狀態(tài) 8
3.1.3 增強(qiáng)GPS系統(tǒng) 9
3.2 GPS現(xiàn)代化的步驟和進(jìn)程 10
3.2.1 GPS現(xiàn)代化的步驟 10
3.2.2 GPS現(xiàn)代化計(jì)劃的進(jìn)程安排 10
3.3 GPS現(xiàn)代化的最新進(jìn)展 11
3.4 GPS的未來發(fā)展 13
3.4.1 導(dǎo)航戰(zhàn)能力建設(shè)是GPS未來發(fā)展的核心 13
3.4.2 提高民用導(dǎo)航服務(wù)的性能和競爭力 14
3.4.3 空間段、控制段和用戶段的均衡發(fā)展問題 14
3.4.4 GPS的未來發(fā)展與“伽利略”系統(tǒng)的關(guān)系 14
3.5 GPS現(xiàn)代化對其技術(shù)應(yīng)用所帶來的影響 15
第4章 GPS在航海上的應(yīng)用 18
4.1 GPS在船舶航行中的應(yīng)用 18
4.2 GPS在船舶進(jìn)出港中的應(yīng)用 18
4.3 GPS在測定船舶機(jī)動(dòng)性能中的應(yīng)用 19
4.4 GPS在校準(zhǔn)船舶助航儀器中的應(yīng)用 20
4.5 GPS作為船舶位置信號源的應(yīng)用 21
第5章 GPS在實(shí)船試驗(yàn)中的應(yīng)用 22
結(jié) 論 26
致謝語 27
[參考文獻(xiàn)] 28