我國(guó)?？樟Ⅲw救助體系的研究

[摘要]  隨著航運(yùn)事業(yè)的發(fā)展，船舶海上交通事故也連續(xù)不斷，給海上人命安全和海洋環(huán)境造成極大的危害。因此，海上救助工作是避免和減輕海難事故危害的最直接的手段。可以說是保障海上安全的“最后一道防線”。然而歷史上，雖然我國(guó)是一個(gè)航海技術(shù)相對(duì)發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家，海上救助由來已久，但由于種種原因，真正形成的海上專業(yè)救助組織隊(duì)伍，在我國(guó)的時(shí)間并不長(zhǎng)。在這基礎(chǔ)上形成的海空立體救助體系及其相關(guān)理論研究尚處于起步，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)還有許多不完善和不成熟的地方，但其運(yùn)行狀況直接關(guān)系到救助的成敗。因此本文希望通過對(duì)我國(guó)海空立體救助體系就行定性定量分析，給目前我國(guó)海空立體救助體系做出一個(gè)大致的客觀的評(píng)價(jià)，以期我的這些探討能為?？樟Ⅲw救助體系的研究提供一些有價(jià)值的參考，努力進(jìn)一步完善我國(guó)?？樟Ⅲw救助體系。

[關(guān)鍵詞]  ?？站戎w系  對(duì)比  完善對(duì)策

Our country sea and air three-dimensional rescue system's research

[Abstract]  With the development of shipping industry, there are continuous traffic of ships at sea, having causing great harm to the safety of life and the marine environment at sea. So, maritime search and rescue is the most direct mean of avoiding and mitigating against the sea accident. It can be said that it is the last line of defense to protect maritime security. However, historically, although china is a relative navigation techniques developed country, rescuing at sea experiencing a long time, but due to various reasons, the formation of the professional rescue teams did not last long in our country. And the formation of three-dimensional sea-air rescue system on this basis is just a starting，there are many places where the imperfect and immature exist in the whole system, but its’ performance is directly related to the success or failure of aid. This article hopes make a general eva luation of china’s air and sea on the current system of three-dimensional, according to the analysis of qualitative and quantitative on the sea-air rescue system in three-dimensional. I hope these I have explored are able to provide some valuable reference to the study of sea-air system of three-dimensional, and try to further improve china’s air-sea rescue three-dimensional system.

[keywords]  sea-air rescue system;  confrontation;  countermeasures

目錄

引 言 1
第1章 ?？樟Ⅲw救助體系概述 2
1.1 海上救助工作 2
1.2 ?？樟Ⅲw救助指揮體系的重要性 2
1.2 ?？樟Ⅲw救助的優(yōu)越性 5
1.3 我國(guó)?？樟Ⅲw救助指揮體系 5
1.3.1 我國(guó)海上救助體系的歷程 6
1.3.2 我國(guó)海空立體救助指揮體系的建設(shè)目標(biāo) 7
第2章 ?？樟Ⅲw救助的不同階段 8
2.1 應(yīng)急指揮系統(tǒng) 9
2.2 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指揮系統(tǒng) 10
2.3 指揮輔助系統(tǒng) 11
第3章 國(guó)內(nèi)外海空立體救助體系的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展 13
3.1我國(guó)海上救助系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀 13
3.1.1 目前我國(guó)主要的海上救助力量 13
3.1.2 海上救助力量的待命制度 14
3.1.3 我國(guó)海上救助的效果 14
3.2 國(guó)外海上救助系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀 15
3.2.1 澳大利亞救助體系概況 15
3.2.2 對(duì)澳大利亞救助體系的思考 16
3.3國(guó)內(nèi)外海上救助系統(tǒng)的比較 17
3.4 國(guó)內(nèi)外救助系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 18
第4章 完善我國(guó)?？樟Ⅲw救助體系的對(duì)策 20
4.1我國(guó)救助指揮體系存在的問題 20
4.1.1 救助機(jī)制不完善 20
4.1.2 專業(yè)救助力量薄弱，先進(jìn)裝備缺乏 20
4.1.3 救助經(jīng)費(fèi)嚴(yán)重不足 21
4.1.4 救助人員素質(zhì)有待提高 22
4.2 完善我國(guó)海上救助體系的對(duì)策 22
4.2.1 推動(dòng)國(guó)家救助立法進(jìn)程 23
4.2.2 執(zhí)行動(dòng)態(tài)值班待命方式 23
4.2.3 加快立體救助力量的建設(shè) 24
4.3.4 合理規(guī)劃解決資金不足問題 24
4.3.5 增強(qiáng)救助隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，提高救助人員素質(zhì) 25
4.3.6 盡快完善水上救助電話“12395” 25
4.3.7 建設(shè)一支專業(yè)的海上執(zhí)法隊(duì)伍 25
結(jié) 論 26
致謝語 27
[參考文獻(xiàn)] 28