振動(dòng)篩式花生收獲機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)

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目錄
摘要 1
ABSTRACT 2
第一章 緒論 3
1.1  研究的目的和意義 3
1.1.1  中國(guó)花生生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀 3
1.1.2  中國(guó)花生的種植方式 4
1.1.3  花生生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化現(xiàn)狀 5
1.2  研究目標(biāo)與內(nèi)容 6
第二章 振動(dòng)篩式花生收獲裝置的設(shè)計(jì)原理 7
2.1  設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù) 7
2.2  設(shè)計(jì)方案的選擇與分析 8
2.3  總體設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)介 8
2.4  作業(yè)原理 8
第三章 主要參數(shù)確定與關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1 主要參數(shù)確定 9
3.1.1 花生收獲機(jī)的功率計(jì)算 9
3.1.2 挖掘鏟主要參數(shù)的確定 10
3.1.3 帶輪及帶的主要參數(shù)確定 14
3.1.4平行連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的主要參數(shù)及行走輪的設(shè)定 15
3.1.5 軸的校核 16
3.2 總體裝配 19
第四章  結(jié)語(yǔ) 20
參考文獻(xiàn) 21
致謝 22

 
摘要
花生不僅是優(yōu)質(zhì)油料作物，而且是主要的蛋白資源，加工品類多，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條長(zhǎng)，現(xiàn)已成為中國(guó)重要的出口創(chuàng)匯產(chǎn)品和農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整重點(diǎn)發(fā)展和扶持的種植品種。在消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)和出口結(jié)構(gòu)不斷調(diào)整和優(yōu)化的雙重拉動(dòng)下，花生生產(chǎn)得到長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展，并逐漸向主產(chǎn)區(qū)相對(duì)集中，優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)帶基本形成。但是中國(guó)花生生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化發(fā)展卻嚴(yán)重滯后，特別是用工量占生產(chǎn)全過(guò)程1/3以上、作業(yè)成本占生產(chǎn)總成本50%以上的收獲作業(yè)，目前主要依靠人工完成，勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大、作業(yè)成本高、效率低、損失大、成本高已成為生產(chǎn)發(fā)展與產(chǎn)業(yè)成長(zhǎng)的主要瓶頸，國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)花生機(jī)械化收獲技術(shù)裝備的需求日趨迫切。
設(shè)計(jì)了振動(dòng)篩式花生收獲機(jī)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理、技術(shù)特點(diǎn)以及關(guān)鍵部件結(jié)構(gòu)與工作參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)等。該設(shè)備主要由挖掘鏟、振動(dòng)篩、行走輪、動(dòng)力傳動(dòng)裝置及機(jī)架等組成，與11～13.2kw 拖拉機(jī)配套使用，一次完成兩行花生收獲，挖出來(lái)的花生秧被傳送到振動(dòng)篩上，經(jīng)過(guò)振動(dòng)篩的振動(dòng)去除挖掘出的花生所帶有的泥土，最后通過(guò)輸送板實(shí)現(xiàn)花生秧一側(cè)倒伏的工作原理。該機(jī)具有作業(yè)順暢、運(yùn)行可靠、清土率高、損失率低等特點(diǎn)，純生產(chǎn)率達(dá) 0.1 hm2/h。
關(guān)鍵詞：振動(dòng)篩，收獲機(jī)，機(jī)械化，花生

Abstract
Peanut oil is not only a high-quality, and is the main protein resources, processing category, and industry chain length, has become China's important export products and focus on the development of agricultural restructuring and support the cultivation of varieties. In the consumption structure and export structure adjustment and optimization of dual-drive, the rapid development of peanut production, and gradually the relative concentration of the main producing areas, with the basic formation of competitive industries. However, peanut production mechanization in China are seriously lagging behind, especially in the whole process of production and employment accounts for 1 / 3 of the above, operating costs account for the production of more than 50% of the total cost of harvesting operations, mainly rely on manual completion of the current, labor-intensive, operating costs are high, low efficiency, loss, and the high cost of development and production has become a major bottleneck in the growth of industry, mechanization of domestic peanut harvest technology and equipment needs of the increasingly urgent.
Introduced a shaker-style peanut harvester of the overall structure, working principle and technical characteristics of the key components of the structure and design operating parameters. The device mainly by the mining shovel, vibration screen, vibration-drive components, running wheel, power transmission and chassis components, etc., and 11 ~ 13.2kw supporting the use of tractors, two lines of a complete peanut harvesting, dug out the peanut seedling was sent to the shaker, after the vibration shaker to remove excavated soil associated with the peanut, and finally through the transportation board to achieve the side of peanut seedling lodging works. It has a smooth operation, reliable operation, high rate of land clearance, and low loss ratio, net productivity of 0.1 hm2 / h.
Keywords: vibrating screen, harvesting machines, mechanization, peanuts.