摘    要

地源熱泵是一種高效地、可再生地對(duì)室內(nèi)進(jìn)行加熱和冷卻的技術(shù)，在冬季將土壤里的熱量輸送至建筑物中，而在夏季將冷量傳輸至建筑物中。由于它能減少一次能源的消耗，減少溫室氣體的排放，因此地源熱泵正在逐漸被人們所推廣。本文主要是對(duì)熱泵系統(tǒng)性能的研究，首先，對(duì)壓縮機(jī)、冷凝器、蒸發(fā)器、節(jié)流閥，水泵等主要部件進(jìn)行選型，通過(guò)三維建模的方式設(shè)計(jì)并生產(chǎn)了一臺(tái)熱泵系統(tǒng)；其次，通過(guò)測(cè)量壓縮機(jī)進(jìn)出口溫度，進(jìn)出口壓力，節(jié)流閥進(jìn)出口溫度，進(jìn)出口壓力，換熱器冷凍水進(jìn)出口溫度，流量，壓縮機(jī)耗功等參數(shù)評(píng)價(jià)了該熱泵系統(tǒng)的能效指標(biāo)；最后，開(kāi)發(fā)了一套熱泵系統(tǒng)所需測(cè)量參數(shù)的采集系統(tǒng)，通過(guò)該系統(tǒng)能有效衡量熱泵系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能指標(biāo)。

關(guān)鍵詞：

地源; 熱泵;循環(huán);能效指標(biāo)

 

Abstract

Ground-source or geothermal heat pumps are a highly efficient, renewable energy technology for space heating and cooling. This technology relies on the fact that, at depth, the Earth has a relatively constant temperature, warmer than the air in winter and cooler than the air in summer. A geothermal heat pump can transfer heat stored in the Earth into a building during the winter, and transfer heat out of the building during the summer. Special geologic conditions, such as hot springs, are not needed for successful application of geothermal heat pumps. Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs) are receiving increasing interest because of their potential to reduce primary energy consumption and thus reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. The technology is well established in North America and parts of Europe, but is at the demonstration stage in the UK. This article provides a detailed literature-based review of ground-source heat pump technology, concentrating on loops, ground systems, and looks more briefly at applications and costs and benefits. It concludes with the prospects for GSHP in the UK. It is concluded that, despite potential environmental problems, geothermal heat pumps pose little if any serious environmental risk when best management practices are applied during the installation, operation, and decommissioning of these systems.

Key words：

Ground-source; heat pumps; circle; energy efficiency index

 

目    錄

第一章  緒論 1

1.1熱泵 1

1.1.1熱泵的發(fā)展背景 1

1.1.2發(fā)展歷史及趨勢(shì) 2

1.2地源熱泵的研究現(xiàn)狀 3

1.3 地源熱泵的特點(diǎn) 5

1.3.1 地源熱泵的優(yōu)點(diǎn) 5

1.3.2  地源熱泵的劣勢(shì) 6

1.4  小結(jié) 6

1.5本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 6

第二章 地源熱泵的工作原理及分類 7

2.1 地源熱泵工作原理 7

2.2 地源熱泵分類 8

第三章  實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì) 9

3.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康募八柘嚓P(guān)數(shù)據(jù) 9

3.1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?span style="white-space:pre;"> 9

3.1.2實(shí)驗(yàn)所需的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù) 10

3.2實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備的選型 10

3.2.1壓縮機(jī) 10

3.2.2冷凝器蒸發(fā)器 12

3.2.3 電子膨脹閥 13

3.2.4四通閥 13

3.2.5熱泵系統(tǒng)圖 14

3.2.6整個(gè)系統(tǒng)二維圖 14

3.2.7實(shí)物圖展示 15

3.3實(shí)驗(yàn)操作及數(shù)據(jù)得出 16

第四章 總    結(jié) 27

致    謝 28

參考文獻(xiàn) 29

 

 

第一章  緒論

1.1熱泵

1.1.1熱泵的發(fā)展背景

伴隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展以及人民生活水平的提高，人們對(duì)生活，工作，娛樂(lè)的場(chǎng)所需求的舒適性要求日益增長(zhǎng)，這大大促使了空調(diào)和暖氣的廣泛應(yīng)用。舒適性的要求就必須消耗能源來(lái)提供，這大大提高了社會(huì)的能耗。目前世界的能源結(jié)構(gòu)主要依靠礦物燃料，特別是石油和煤炭，所以大量的能耗意味著世界環(huán)境正在惡化。因此舒適性能耗對(duì)有著十分重要的意義，作為舒適性能耗最主要部分的熱水器系統(tǒng)的能耗降低將十分有利于達(dá)到節(jié)能目標(biāo)。熱泵技術(shù)就是一種可以有效節(jié)省能耗，減少大氣污染和CO2排放的新技術(shù)。根據(jù)國(guó)際能源署估算，熱泵技術(shù)可以減少全球 8%的二氧化碳排放，歐盟、澳大利亞等地區(qū)和國(guó)家已經(jīng)將其列入可再生能源范圍，并給