內(nèi)容摘要
本研究從認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)角度出發(fā)，探討具有不同文化背景的人對(duì)英語(yǔ)
諺語(yǔ)的理解過(guò)程，并分析了該理解過(guò)程中的認(rèn)知作用問(wèn)題。與傳統(tǒng)觀(guān)點(diǎn)
相反，本研究贊同Lakoff的觀(guān)點(diǎn)：諺語(yǔ)理解是一個(gè)直接自動(dòng)的解碼過(guò)
程，而不是從字面意思到隱喻的間接轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程。因此，本研究擬回答下
列三個(gè)研究問(wèn)題1.諺語(yǔ)理解是一個(gè)自動(dòng)生成過(guò)程還是一個(gè)從字面意義
到隱喻的轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程？其間概念映射是如何發(fā)揮作用的？2.認(rèn)知過(guò)程在
隱喻諺語(yǔ)和轉(zhuǎn)喻諺語(yǔ)中的工作機(jī)制是否相同？二者之間有無(wú)區(qū)別？3.
認(rèn)知觀(guān)是如何幫助人們理解諺語(yǔ)的文化共性和特性的？
本研究采用實(shí)證研究方法，對(duì)Lakoff等人提出的諺語(yǔ)理解理論進(jìn)
行驗(yàn)證的研究。實(shí)證分析語(yǔ)料主要來(lái)自google.com，《英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)集錦》，
和《英漢諺語(yǔ)與文化》兩本書(shū)。語(yǔ)料分析步驟為：將所收集到的160余
條諺語(yǔ)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)篩選、分類(lèi)、編碼。編碼分為開(kāi)放式(open coding)和
主軸式(axial coding)兩類(lèi)。即：將所收集的語(yǔ)料在寬泛分類(lèi)的基礎(chǔ)
上再進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的相關(guān)分類(lèi)。然后在以下兩個(gè)理論框架中對(duì)編碼語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行
定性和定量分析：1.運(yùn)用Lakoff的“理想認(rèn)知模式(ICM)”和
Gibbs的“概念隱喻假設(shè)(CMH)”,探究在隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻兩種諺語(yǔ)理解中
所涉及的認(rèn)知機(jī)制類(lèi)屬級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)(generic-level structure)和概念映
射(conceptual mapping)。2.檢驗(yàn)Lakoff和Turner提出的“大鏈
接隱喻理論(GCMT)”，在特定文化背景下對(duì)諺語(yǔ)理解的解釋能力，并
試圖闡釋人們?cè)谕耆煌奈幕尘跋氯阅軐?duì)英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)的理解達(dá)成共
識(shí)的原因。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如下：1.諺語(yǔ)理解的認(rèn)知過(guò)程是直接的、自動(dòng)的，而非
間接轉(zhuǎn)換的；2.認(rèn)知過(guò)程在隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻兩種諺語(yǔ)理解之間的確有不同
之處；3.在不同文化背景下人類(lèi)認(rèn)知的共同性是諺語(yǔ)理解的關(guān)鍵；4.
諺語(yǔ)的正確使用依附一定的場(chǎng)合條件，其原因是人們選擇使用諺語(yǔ)的理
由及因素有差異。
在結(jié)論中，本文在宏觀(guān)及微觀(guān)兩個(gè)層面上對(duì)以后研究提出了幾點(diǎn)啟
示，同時(shí)也指出了該研究的局限性。
關(guān)鍵詞：諺語(yǔ)理解；認(rèn)知觀(guān)；文化背景

Chapter I Introduction····················································································1
1.1 Topic Statement·························································································1
1.2 Objectives of This Study············································································2
1.3 Significance of This Study·········································································4
1.4 Organization of This Study········································································5
Chapter II Literature Review·········································································7
2.1 Metaphor Study························································································8
2.1.1 Metaphor—the figurative speech of proverbs···································10
2.1.2.Metaphor—a cognitive approach to proverb understanding·············12
2.2 Definition of Proverbs…………………………………………………….13
2.3 Reviews of Cognitive Approaches to Proverb Understanding················14
2.3.1.The Traditional Views······································································15
2.3.2.Extended Conceptual Base Theory(ECBT)···································16
2.3.3.The Idealized Cognitive Model(ICM)···········································17
2.3.4.Conceptual Metaphor Hypothesis(CMH)······································19
2.3.5.The Great Chain Metaphor Theory(GCMT)····································21
2.4 Related Studies at Home··········································································25
Chapter III Research Methodology·····························································27
3.1 Research Framework of This Study.……………………………………..28
3.2.Research Questions..…………………….……………….……………….29
3.3 Data Collection························································································293.4 Analytical Procedures··············································································30
Chapter IV Understanding Proverbs from a Cogniti..