毛巾上的細(xì)菌分離及鑒定
摘要：通過(guò)本次為期四周實(shí)驗(yàn)，學(xué)習(xí)和掌握從周圍環(huán)境中分離不同的菌種，以及對(duì)其純化鑒定的基本操作技能，了解微生物學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，與此同時(shí)，通過(guò)對(duì)不同菌種的直觀認(rèn)識(shí)及其危害性的了解，提高人們對(duì)日常生活用品的防護(hù)意識(shí)，并呼吁人們科學(xué)合理的生活習(xí)慣。
在本次實(shí)驗(yàn)中，主要通過(guò)有關(guān)微生物的基礎(chǔ)操作性實(shí)驗(yàn)：細(xì)菌的大小測(cè)定及其數(shù)目的測(cè)定、簡(jiǎn)單染色、革蘭氏染色；四個(gè)基本鑒定性實(shí)驗(yàn)：大分子物質(zhì)的水解、糖發(fā)酵試驗(yàn)、IMViC試驗(yàn)以及硫化氫試驗(yàn)。對(duì)所分離純化出的不同菌種的形態(tài)和生理生化特征進(jìn)行分析鑒定。經(jīng)過(guò)查閱相關(guān)資料《伯杰氏細(xì)菌鑒定手冊(cè)》得出最終結(jié)果：毛巾中含有革蘭氏陰性的大腸桿菌，及革蘭氏陽(yáng)性的金黃色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。
通過(guò)本次實(shí)驗(yàn)得知，在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪?，一些必需品很容易?xì)菌的繁殖，經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定，平均每平方厘米的毛巾上有約120000個(gè)細(xì)菌，特別是在潮濕的毛巾上毛巾會(huì)快速繁殖，所以，毛巾很容易產(chǎn)生異味和發(fā)粘，正是由于毛巾上的細(xì)菌、油脂、蛋白質(zhì)已經(jīng)發(fā)酵、變質(zhì)。因此，毛巾使用一段時(shí)間要注意消毒。
關(guān)鍵詞：毛巾、細(xì)菌分離、鑒定、危害。
Abstract: This four-week experiment, study and master the separation from the surrounding environment in different species, and its Purification and Identification of the basic skills, learn the basics of microbiology at the same time, by different strains of the visual knowledge and understanding of the dangers to raise awareness of the daily necessities of protection consciousness, and called it a scientific and rational habits.
In this experiment, the main basis for interoperability through the microbe experiment: Determination of the number of bacteria in the determination of the size, simple stain, gram stain; four basic identification study: hydrolysis of macromolecules, sugar fermentation test , IMViC test and hydrogen sulfide. On the isolated and purified strains of different morphological and physiological and biochemical characteristics were analyzed and identified. Through access to relevant information, "Bo Jieshi bacterial identification manual" that the final results: Towels containing Gram-negative E. coli, and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Through this experiment that, in people's daily life, some necessities is easy reproduction of bacteria, measured by the experiment, the average per square centimeter of towels around 120 000 bacteria, especially in wet towels on the towel will quickly multiply Therefore, the towel is easy to produce odor and sticky, formally as a towel on the bacteria, fat, protein has been fermented, metamorphism. Therefore, the towel to use for some time to pay attention to disinfection.
Keywords: towel, bacterial isolation, identification, hazard.