基于PLC的某企業(yè)100噸污水處理電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

Design of Factory 100tons Sewerage Disposal of Electric Control System Based on PLC

                      
 
摘    要
隨著現(xiàn)代生產(chǎn)工藝的飛速發(fā)展，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)對(duì)傳動(dòng)設(shè)備的快速性、連續(xù)性、系統(tǒng)性的要求越來(lái)越高。單臺(tái)變頻器的獨(dú)立運(yùn)行模式已經(jīng)不能滿足污水處理系統(tǒng)的工藝要求，因此，多任務(wù)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行已經(jīng)成為發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。所有的本地柜前操作已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為計(jì)算機(jī)集中遠(yuǎn)程自動(dòng)控制的模式。該系統(tǒng)是建立在計(jì)算機(jī)、PLC、傳動(dòng)裝置間數(shù)據(jù)通訊的基礎(chǔ)上，用來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)監(jiān)控和控制命令的下達(dá)。
    本系統(tǒng)主要介紹了污水處理工藝流程，PLC在城市污水處理中的具體應(yīng)用以及計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)采集的方法。系統(tǒng)運(yùn)用SIEMENS S7-400 PLC作為控制核心，各級(jí)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)通過(guò)工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)相互連接，通過(guò)此設(shè)計(jì)提高了污水處理廠的運(yùn)行管理水平。本系統(tǒng)結(jié)合某污水處理廠自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)的實(shí)際運(yùn)行情況，設(shè)計(jì)并改造了污水處理廠的設(shè)備組成、自動(dòng)化控制方式和各工作站的功能、網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)成等。通過(guò)生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐證明，該系統(tǒng)不僅具有較強(qiáng)的并行協(xié)調(diào)處理能力，而且具有高可靠性、靈活性和可擴(kuò)展性，以及高速處理能力等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。充分證明自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)提高生產(chǎn)效率、無(wú)人值守或少人值守、提高安全性具有良好效果。
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關(guān)鍵詞: 污水處理；自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)；PLC；硬件配置；軟件設(shè)計(jì)
 
 ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of modern manufacturing technique, the spot is stricter requirements with rapidity, continuity and systematicness of system. The single transducer execute individually has lagged behind now. It is trend that many sets run together as a system. All local operation systems have already developed to automation mode before the control cabinet, in which the computer is a main role. The characteristics are all set up on the basis of the matter that the date of the computer, PLC and Transport unit is exchanged each ether. It will be realized that supervise operation status of the equipments and send the control orders.
The paper introduces PLC application in the project of treatment urban wastewater, in which S7—400 series is applied and introduces the method of urban wastewater treatment. The paper also introduces the method of receiving date in the supervisory system plant the programmable controller has already become most important, most reliable and using the most extensive industrial control microcomputer of occasion now. In order to improve the operation management level of the sewage treatment plant, the supervisory system uses the S7-400PLC to constitute core of the system and is composed of each unit of the control system according to certain topological structure. According to the running situation of the benevolence and automatic control system of sewage treatment plant, recommend structures of the sewage treatment equipment, automatic control method and the function and application of every PLC work station in sewage disposal and summarize the good result of the automatic control system how promoting production efficiency and security and reducing the on-the-spot attendant.

Key Words：Sewage treatment; Automation control system; PLC; Hardware disposition; Software design
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目    錄

1 引言 1
1.1污水水源及其雜用水水質(zhì) 2
1.2本設(shè)計(jì)的意義 2
2 污水處理的主要內(nèi)容及工藝流程 3
2.1主要內(nèi)容 3
2.2工藝流程 3
3主要設(shè)備的組成及控制方式 4
3.1主要設(shè)備 4
3.2控制方式 4
3.3粗格柵、細(xì)格柵、提升泵房的設(shè)備控制 5
3.4沉砂池、生化池、沉淀池、污泥回流泵房和鼓風(fēng)機(jī)房的設(shè)備控制 6
3.5脫水機(jī)房 6
3.6 PLC控制系統(tǒng) 7
3.7系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成及其布局 8
4 污水處理電氣系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 9
4.1概述 9
4.2 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)綜述 9
4.2.1中央控制室 10
4.2.2分現(xiàn)場(chǎng)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程PLC控制系統(tǒng) 13
4.2.3廠級(jí)管理PLC系統(tǒng) 16
4.3 PLC設(shè)備及儀表選型 16
4.4儀表的動(dòng)力要求 19
4.5主要PLC設(shè)備表及其說(shuō)明 19
4.6 PLC具體配置情況 21
4.7監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的軟件部分 22
5 污水處理系統(tǒng)中PLC的設(shè)計(jì) 24
5.1 PLC簡(jiǎn)介 24
5.2 PLC構(gòu)成的控制系統(tǒng) 25
5.3控制軟件 28
5.4 PLC設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié) 29
總    結(jié) 30
參考文獻(xiàn) 31
附錄1：指令語(yǔ)句表 32
附錄2：電氣內(nèi)部圖 33
附錄3：電氣設(shè)備清單 34
附錄4：組態(tài)監(jiān)控畫(huà)面 36
致    謝 38