基于PLC的某企業(yè)100噸污水處理電氣控制系統(tǒng)設計

Design of Factory 100tons Sewerage Disposal of Electric Control System Based on PLC

                      
 
摘    要
隨著現代生產工藝的飛速發(fā)展，現場對傳動設備的快速性、連續(xù)性、系統(tǒng)性的要求越來越高。單臺變頻器的獨立運行模式已經不能滿足污水處理系統(tǒng)的工藝要求，因此，多任務系統(tǒng)運行已經成為發(fā)展趨勢。所有的本地柜前操作已經發(fā)展成為計算機集中遠程自動控制的模式。該系統(tǒng)是建立在計算機、PLC、傳動裝置間數據通訊的基礎上，用來實現現場設備的運行狀態(tài)監(jiān)控和控制命令的下達。
    本系統(tǒng)主要介紹了污水處理工藝流程，PLC在城市污水處理中的具體應用以及計算機監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)數據采集的方法。系統(tǒng)運用SIEMENS S7-400 PLC作為控制核心，各級監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)通過工業(yè)以太網相互連接，通過此設計提高了污水處理廠的運行管理水平。本系統(tǒng)結合某污水處理廠自動化控制系統(tǒng)的實際運行情況，設計并改造了污水處理廠的設備組成、自動化控制方式和各工作站的功能、網絡構成等。通過生產實踐證明，該系統(tǒng)不僅具有較強的并行協(xié)調處理能力，而且具有高可靠性、靈活性和可擴展性，以及高速處理能力等優(yōu)點。充分證明自動化控制系統(tǒng)對提高生產效率、無人值守或少人值守、提高安全性具有良好效果。
?
關鍵詞: 污水處理；自動化控制系統(tǒng)；PLC；硬件配置；軟件設計
 
 ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of modern manufacturing technique, the spot is stricter requirements with rapidity, continuity and systematicness of system. The single transducer execute individually has lagged behind now. It is trend that many sets run together as a system. All local operation systems have already developed to automation mode before the control cabinet, in which the computer is a main role. The characteristics are all set up on the basis of the matter that the date of the computer, PLC and Transport unit is exchanged each ether. It will be realized that supervise operation status of the equipments and send the control orders.
The paper introduces PLC application in the project of treatment urban wastewater, in which S7—400 series is applied and introduces the method of urban wastewater treatment. The paper also introduces the method of receiving date in the supervisory system plant the programmable controller has already become most important, most reliable and using the most extensive industrial control microcomputer of occasion now. In order to improve the operation management level of the sewage treatment plant, the supervisory system uses the S7-400PLC to constitute core of the system and is composed of each unit of the control system according to certain topological structure. According to the running situation of the benevolence and automatic control system of sewage treatment plant, recommend structures of the sewage treatment equipment, automatic control method and the function and application of every PLC work station in sewage disposal and summarize the good result of the automatic control system how promoting production efficiency and security and reducing the on-the-spot attendant.

Key Words：Sewage treatment; Automation control system; PLC; Hardware disposition; Software design
 .
 
目    錄

1 引言 1
1.1污水水源及其雜用水水質 2
1.2本設計的意義 2
2 污水處理的主要內容及工藝流程 3
2.1主要內容 3
2.2工藝流程 3
3主要設備的組成及控制方式 4
3.1主要設備 4
3.2控制方式 4
3.3粗格柵、細格柵、提升泵房的設備控制 5
3.4沉砂池、生化池、沉淀池、污泥回流泵房和鼓風機房的設備控制 6
3.5脫水機房 6
3.6 PLC控制系統(tǒng) 7
3.7系統(tǒng)構成及其布局 8
4 污水處理電氣系統(tǒng)的設計 9
4.1概述 9
4.2 系統(tǒng)設計綜述 9
4.2.1中央控制室 10
4.2.2分現場生產過程PLC控制系統(tǒng) 13
4.2.3廠級管理PLC系統(tǒng) 16
4.3 PLC設備及儀表選型 16
4.4儀表的動力要求 19
4.5主要PLC設備表及其說明 19
4.6 PLC具體配置情況 21
4.7監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的軟件部分 22
5 污水處理系統(tǒng)中PLC的設計 24
5.1 PLC簡介 24
5.2 PLC構成的控制系統(tǒng) 25
5.3控制軟件 28
5.4 PLC設計小結 29
總    結 30
參考文獻 31
附錄1：指令語句表 32
附錄2：電氣內部圖 33
附錄3：電氣設備清單 34
附錄4：組態(tài)監(jiān)控畫面 36
致    謝 38