摘　要
電磁成型過程依賴于一種驅(qū)動(dòng)力，它是由渦流和磁場(chǎng)引起的，而其中的渦流和磁場(chǎng)是在工件中由一個(gè)附近線圈中的瞬態(tài)電流產(chǎn)生的。用這種成型方式可達(dá)到的高變形率提高了材料的成型性能，如鋁。而且，和成型模具接觸的動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)可以消除回彈，一種意想不到的效果在其它的成型方法如沖壓中是有問題的。可以充分模擬成形過程，而且可以被用做設(shè)計(jì)成型系統(tǒng)的待定的數(shù)值模擬功能是目前電磁成型技術(shù)的一項(xiàng)進(jìn)步。這樣的功能都必須建立在這樣物理模型，這些物理模型校正了電磁，變形和變形工件的熱響應(yīng)以及其他系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)之間的強(qiáng)耦合。本文簡(jiǎn)要闡述了電磁成型方法和它的應(yīng)用以及現(xiàn)有模型的回顧。此外，概述了一個(gè)能夠進(jìn)一步發(fā)展成以過程仿真為目的數(shù)學(xué)框架。最后，本文討論了來自推進(jìn)電磁成型技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)。
關(guān)鍵詞：電磁成型；麥克斯韋方程組的物質(zhì)形式；電磁成型的可塑性；鈑金成型。
Modeling of the electromagnetic forming of sheet metals:state-of-the-art and future needs
Abstract
The electromagnetic forming (EMF) process relies on a driving force that is induced by eddy current and magnetic field, both of which are generated in the workpiece by a transient current in a nearby coil. The high deformation rates achievable using this forming method enhances the formability of materials such as aluminum. Also, the dynamics of contact with the forming die can eliminate springback,
an undesired effect that can be problematic in other forming techniques such as stamping. The advancement of the EMF technology
is currently awaiting rigorous numerical modeling capabilities that can adequately simulate the forming process and be used to design the forming system. Such capabilities must be based on physical models that address the strong coupling between the electromagnetic, deformation and thermal response of the deforming workpiece and other system structure. In this paper, a brief exposition of the EMF method and its applications and a review of the existing models are given. In addition, a mathematical framework, which can be further developed numerically for the purpose of process simulation, is outlined. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges to advancing the EMF
technology.
Keywords: Electromagnetic forming; Material form of Maxwell’s equations; Electro-magneto-plasticity; Sheet metal forming