工業(yè)鍋爐的微機控制系統(tǒng)的設計

摘要：目前，我國現(xiàn)有很多工業(yè)和民用中小型鍋爐，其中大部分自動控制水平很低，存在燃燒不徹底、排煙氧含量偏高、排煙熱損失大等問題，直接造成了鍋爐熱效率低下和大量能源的浪費，同時也給環(huán)境帶來很大的污染，所以實現(xiàn)鍋爐的計算機控制具有重要的意義。
本文基于PID控制策略給出了鍋爐系統(tǒng)新的控制方法。工業(yè)鍋爐的主要動態(tài)特性包括非線性、非最小相位系統(tǒng)、不穩(wěn)定性、時滯和負荷干擾。采用傳統(tǒng)控制方法難以實施有效控制，運用PID控制理論對鍋爐的汽溫進行了分析和控制系統(tǒng)設計，通過仿真和試驗，所設計的控制系統(tǒng)能夠克服種種干擾因素，使被控對象保持穩(wěn)定達到好的控制效果。
關健字: PID控制;自整定；鍋爐;蒸汽溫度
 
Abstract
Now , there are a lot of medium and small sized boilers which are used in industrial and civil field. Due to the low efficiency and low-level automation, these boilers have many serious problems, such as coal burning incompletely, higher oxygen content and a greater heat loss in soot.These problems result in a lower heat eficiency of the boiler and a great of energy waste and polluting the environment. So it is very important to control the boilers in computer.
This paper put forward a control system of steam boiler using PID control reasoning. The major dynamic of a boiler include non-linearity non-minimum phase behavior instability time delay and load disturbances. Traditional control method can't offer satisfactory result. A new control system based on PID reasoning, is used to control temperature of steam ，the PID logic controller has tested by simulation and good result has been obtained
Keywords: PID control；self-adaptive；boile；Steam Temperatu