摘要
隨著世界能源的日趨匱乏和科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，加之人們對環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求，人們在努力尋找一種能替代石油、天然氣等能源的可再生、環(huán)保、潔凈的綠色能源。風(fēng)能是當(dāng)前最有發(fā)展前景的一種新型能源，它是取之不盡用之不竭的能源，還是一種潔凈、無污染、可再生的綠色能源。
風(fēng)能的利用，從風(fēng)車到風(fēng)力發(fā)電，證明了文明和科學(xué)進(jìn)步。塔架是風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)主要的承重部件，直接影響機(jī)組的穩(wěn)定性和整體性能。本文利用ANSYS對大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的塔架進(jìn)行了數(shù)值仿真研究，為塔架的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)提供了理論依據(jù)。
在風(fēng)壓的作用下，進(jìn)行了塔架的靜強(qiáng)度分析，得出了塔架在各種載荷情況下的最大應(yīng)力及最大位移,并驗(yàn)證了滿足靜強(qiáng)度要求。
根據(jù)多自由度模態(tài)分析理論，對水平軸風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)塔架的振動(dòng)模態(tài)進(jìn)行了模擬，提取了塔架的前五階的固有頻率和振型。依據(jù)振動(dòng)理論，塔架振動(dòng)過程的能量主要集中于一、二階頻率處，而一、二階振型均為擺振，因此擺振是塔架的主要振動(dòng)方式。
利用ANSYS軟件中的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)模塊，以塔架的梁截面的長寬為設(shè)計(jì)變量，以材料的許用應(yīng)力以及許用位移為約束，以塔架的體積為目標(biāo)函數(shù)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，最終得到塔架梁截面長寬的最優(yōu)值,并驗(yàn)證了優(yōu)化后的塔架滿足靜強(qiáng)度。

關(guān)鍵詞：強(qiáng)度 ；位移； 變形； 有限元分析 ；優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 。






Based on ANSYS for the three limb-type mechanical
analysis of tower structure
Abstract

With the growing world energy shortage and the rapid development of science and technology, combined with the requirements of environmental protection people, people struggling to find an energy alternative to oil, natural gas, renewable energy, environmental protection, clean and green energy. Wind energy is currently the most promising of a new energy, it is the inexhaustible source of energy, or a clean, non-polluting, renewable green energy.
Use of wind energy, wind power from the windmill to prove that the civilization and scientific progress. Wind turbine tower is the main load-bearing components, directly affects the stability and overall unit performance. In this paper, ANSYS, large-scale wind turbine tower by numerical simulation, dynamic design for the tower provides a theoretical basis.
Under the action of the wind, carried out the tower's static strength analysis, the load of the tower in all cases the maximum stress and maximum displacement, and verified to meet the static strength requirements.
More degrees of freedom under the theory of modal analysis, horizontal axis wind turbine tower vibration modes were simulated, extracting the first five order of the tower natural frequencies and mode shapes. Based on vibration theory, the process of tower vibration energy is concentrated in the first and second frequency, and first and second modes are the shimmy, shimmy is the tower so the main mode of vibration.
Using ANSYS software optimized design module to the tower's length and width of the beam cross-section as design variables to the material allowable stress and allowable displacement constraint, the volume of the tower as the objective function is optimized, end up Tower beam length and width of the optimal value, and verify the optimized tower to meet the static strength.

Key words: Strength; Displacement; Deformation; Finite element analysis;
Optimal design.
















目 錄
摘要 - I -
Abstract - II -
第一章 緒 論 - 1 -
1.1 ANSYS軟件簡介與使用 - 1 -
1.2我國風(fēng)能發(fā)電的現(xiàn)狀與展望 - 3 -
1.3 設(shè)計(jì)課題 - 6 -
1.3.1 概 述 - 6 -
1.3.2 結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù) - 6 -
第二章 理論知識(shí) - 8 -
2.1振動(dòng)力學(xué)相關(guān)知識(shí) - 8 -
2.2模態(tài)分析理論 - 8 -
2.2.1模態(tài)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) - 8 -
2.2.2多自由度模態(tài)分析理論 - 10 -
2.2.3塔架振動(dòng)方程的建立 - 11 -
2.2.4模態(tài)分析的意義 - 13 -
第三章 利用ANSYS軟件進(jìn)行對塔架結(jié)構(gòu)的建模與求解 - 15 -
3.1 有限元模型的建立 - 15 -
3.2 施加約束、受力與求解 - 17 -
3.2.1 塔架所受的主要約束和荷載 - 17 -
3.2.2 ANSYS軟件對塔架結(jié)構(gòu)的求解結(jié)果分析 - 18 -
3.2.3應(yīng)用ANSYS軟件對塔架進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析 - 20 -
第四章 塔架的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) - 24 -
4.1 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的相關(guān)概念 - 24 -
4.2 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的過程與步驟 - 24 -
4.3 塔架優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)詳述 - 25 -
第五章 結(jié)論 - 34 -
參考文獻(xiàn) - 35 -
英文翻譯 - 36 -
譯文 - 39 -
致謝 - 41 -