摘　要
大學(xué)生社會適應(yīng)能力是大學(xué)生在大學(xué)校園生活環(huán)境中為達(dá)到與所處環(huán)境的和諧狀態(tài)而必須具備的一種綜合能力，主要由認(rèn)知能力、獨(dú)立生活能力、學(xué)習(xí)能力、人際交往能力、應(yīng)對挫折能力和實(shí)踐能力等方面構(gòu)成。通過查閱已有成果及調(diào)查研究表明，大學(xué)生在社會適應(yīng)能力方面存在著諸多不足，如認(rèn)知能力較差，不能正確評價自我和他人；缺乏有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法和自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力；人際交往存在障礙；實(shí)踐能力弱等。要提高大學(xué)生社會適應(yīng)能力，應(yīng)從學(xué)校教育和大學(xué)生自我教育兩個方面入手，主要包括：強(qiáng)化認(rèn)知訓(xùn)練，提高大學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力；加大“三自”教育力度，提高大學(xué)生的獨(dú)立生活能力；注重學(xué)習(xí)方法的訓(xùn)練，提高大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)能力；加強(qiáng)人際溝通，提高大學(xué)生的人際交往能力；優(yōu)化心理適應(yīng)的輔導(dǎo)，提高大學(xué)生的應(yīng)對挫折能力；加大實(shí)踐性教育的力度，提高大學(xué)生的應(yīng)變能力等等，不斷提高大學(xué)生社會適應(yīng)能力、促使大學(xué)生健康人格的養(yǎng)成，從而最終促使大學(xué)生順利適應(yīng)新的社會角色。
關(guān)鍵詞：大學(xué)生社會適應(yīng)能力培養(yǎng)
Abstract
Ability of social adaptation is a kind of integrate ability, which college students must have，being in harmony with the surroundings in the school campus .It is mainly composed of ability of cognition, independent life, learning, communication with others, cope with setback and ability of practice, and so on .According to the survey, it shows that in the ability of social adaptation college students lack rather badly ability of cognition in which they couldn't correctly eva luate ego and others， lack effective learning methods and ability of self-learning .And communication with others lacks obstacle, the ability of practice is very poor，Therefore, it is very necessary to improve college students' ability of social adaptation. To improve the ability, the author thinks that we must start with two aspects： school education and self-education. The measures are strengthening cognition training to enhance the college students' ability of cognition, intensifying, "self-education, self-manage and self-service" of college students to improve their ability of independent life, reinforcing more communications with others to improve ability of communication, strengthening the practice education in order to improve ability of meeting an emergency and more training mind adaptation to improve ability of coping with setback. All these measures finally aim to improve ability of social adaptation of college students and to adapt them to the new social poles.
Keywords：collega students　　ability of social adaptation　　develop