基于單片機(jī)的數(shù)字溫度計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)



摘要

隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們需要對(duì)各中加熱爐、熱處理爐、反應(yīng)爐和鍋爐中溫度進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)和控制。采用單片機(jī)來(lái)對(duì)他們控制不僅具有控制方便，簡(jiǎn)單和靈活性大等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，而且可以大幅度提高被控溫度的技術(shù)指標(biāo)，從而能夠大大的提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量。

在日常生活及工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中，經(jīng)常要用到溫度的檢測(cè)及控制，溫度是生產(chǎn)過(guò)程和科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中普遍而且重要的物理參數(shù)之一。在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中，為了高效地進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，必須對(duì)它的主要參數(shù)，如溫度、壓力、流量等進(jìn)行有效的控制。溫度控制在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中占有相當(dāng)大的比例。溫度測(cè)量是溫度控制的基礎(chǔ)，技術(shù)已經(jīng)比較成熟。傳統(tǒng)的測(cè)溫元件有熱電偶和二電阻。而熱電偶和熱電阻測(cè)出的一般都是電壓，再轉(zhuǎn)換成對(duì)應(yīng)的溫度，這些方法相對(duì)比較復(fù)雜，需要比較多的外部硬件支持。我們用一種相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單的方式來(lái)測(cè)量。

我們采用美國(guó)DALLAS半導(dǎo)體公司繼DS18B20之后推出的一種改進(jìn)型智能溫度傳感器DS18B20作為檢測(cè)元件，溫度范圍為-55~125 ºC,最高分辨率可達(dá)0.0625 ºC。DS18B20可以直接讀出北側(cè)溫度值，而且采用三線制與單片機(jī)相連，減少了外部的硬件電路，具有低成本和易使用的特點(diǎn)。

本文介紹一種基于AT89C51單片機(jī)的一種溫度測(cè)量及報(bào)警電路,該電路采用DS18B20作為溫度監(jiān)測(cè)元件，測(cè)量范圍0℃-～+100℃，使用LED模塊顯示，能設(shè)置溫度報(bào)警上下限。正文著重給出了軟硬件系統(tǒng)的各部分電路，介紹了集成溫度傳感器DS18B20的原理，AT89C51單片機(jī)功能和應(yīng)用。該電路設(shè)計(jì)新穎、功能強(qiáng)大、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單。


關(guān)鍵詞：溫度測(cè)量；DS18B20；AT89C51

Design of Digital Thermomer Based on SCM

Abstract

Along with national economy development, the people need to each heating furnace、the heat-treatment furnace、in the reactor and the boiler the temperature carry on the monitor and the control. Not only uses the monolithic integrated circuit to come to them to control has the control to be convenient, simple and flexibility big and so on merits, moreover may enhance large scale is accused the temperature technical specification, thus can big enhance the product the quality and quantity.

In daily life and industrial production process, often used in the detection and control of temperature, temperature is the production process and scientific experiments in general and one of the important physical parameter. In the production process, in order to efficiently carry out the production, to be its main parameters, such as temperature, pressure, flow control, etc... Temperature control in the production process of a large proportion. Temperature measurement is the basis of temperature-controlled, more mature technology.Traditional thermocouple and temperature components are the second resistor.The thermocouple and thermal resistance are generally measured voltage, and then replaced by the corresponding temperature, these methods are relatively complex, requiring a relatively large number of external hardware support. We use a relatively simple way to measure.

We use the United States following DALLAS Semiconductor DS1820 improved after the introduction of a smart temperature sensor DS18B20 as the detection element, a temperature range of -55 ~ 125 º C, up to a maximum resolution of 0.0625 º C. DS18B20 can be directly read out the temperature on the north side, and three-wire system with single-chip connected to a decrease of the external hardware circuit, with low-cost and easy use.

The introduction of a cost-based AT89C51 MCU a temperatur measurement circuits, the circuits used DS18B20 high-precision temperatur sensor, measuring scope 0℃-～+100℃,can set the warning limitation, the use of seven segments LED that can be display the current temperature. The paper focuses on providing a software and hardware system components circuit, introduced the theory of DS18B20, the founctions and applications of AT89C51 .This circuit design innovative, powerful, can be expansionary strong.


Keywords：Temperatur measurement； DS18B20; AT89C51　

目錄

摘要 ........................................................................................I

Abstract....................................................................................................................II


第1章緒論 5

1.1課題背景及研究意義 5

1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀 5

1.3課題的設(shè)計(jì)目的 6

1.4課題的主要工作 6

1.5本文研究?jī)?nèi)容 6

第2章開(kāi)發(fā)工具Proteus與Keil 8

2.1 Proteus軟件 8

2.1.1 Proteus簡(jiǎn)介 8

2.1.2 4大功能模塊 8

2.1.3 ISIS智能原理圖輸入系統(tǒng) 10

2.1.4 Proteus簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)用 10

2.2 Keil軟件 11

2.2.1 Keil軟件簡(jiǎn)介 11

2.2.2 Keil軟件調(diào)試功能 11

2.3本章小結(jié) 12

第3章系統(tǒng)概述 13

3.1方案選擇 13

3.1.1方案一 13

3.1.2方案二 14

3.2系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原理 14

3.3系統(tǒng)組成 14

3.4 DS18B20溫度傳感器與單片機(jī)的接口電路 15

3.5本章小結(jié) 16

第4章系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) 17

4.1 80C51單片機(jī)的介紹 17

4.1.1 80C51單片機(jī)主要特性 18

4.1.2 80C51單片機(jī)管腳圖&n..