金屬切削性能的多參數(shù)檢測(cè)方法研究

金屬切削性能的多參數(shù)檢測(cè)方法研究

摘 要

針對(duì)我國(guó)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)缸體用灰鑄件生產(chǎn)中的刀具磨損嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，采用了復(fù)合孕育處理的方法來(lái)提高灰鑄件的加工性能。并成功地應(yīng)用了萬(wàn)能工具顯微鏡對(duì)加工經(jīng)不同孕育處理的灰鑄件的鉆頭的后刀面磨損寬度予以測(cè)量，可達(dá)到對(duì)經(jīng)不同孕育理灰鑄件的加工性能的精確評(píng)估。
由于長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，人們都對(duì)缸體用灰鑄件加工性能研究的重要性缺乏必要的認(rèn)識(shí)，一直以來(lái)沒(méi)有引起研究者的足夠重視，因而到目前為止至今還沒(méi)有一種有效提高缸體用灰鑄件加工性能的有效方法和衡量灰鑄件加工性能好壞的準(zhǔn)確方法，本論通過(guò)結(jié)合前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)應(yīng)用復(fù)合孕育的方法和使用萬(wàn)能工具顯微鏡對(duì)加工鉆削圓盤(pán)后鉆頭后刀面磨損寬度的測(cè)量，以期從根本解決這些長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)困擾我國(guó)缸體發(fā)展的科技難題。
本論文是改裝一機(jī)床來(lái)測(cè)量出鉆頭所受的扭矩。去掉刀架，在其上安裝一鉆頭，用絲扛、溜板箱來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)鉆頭的進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)，用鉆頭鉆金屬工件，變頻電機(jī)來(lái)帶動(dòng)鉆頭，電機(jī)提供給鉆頭不同的速度和通過(guò)可以上下移動(dòng)的尾座來(lái)改變工件的上下位置來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)多自由度、多參數(shù)的測(cè)量出金屬的切削性能。在切削過(guò)程中鉆頭所受的扭矩可以通過(guò)粘貼在電機(jī)主軸上的傳感器來(lái)測(cè)量。

關(guān)鍵詞； 鑄體，切削性能，測(cè)試，扭矩，機(jī)床，變頻電機(jī)

 
 
METAL CUTTING PERFORMANCE OF
MULTI-PARAMETER DETECTION

ABSTRACT

The developing situation of the gray cast iron used in cylinder body is introduced. The performance of the domestic gray casts contrasts with the foreign ones. The questions existed in our cylinder product are put forwarded, particular to the machinery-ability of cylinder body. The wear of the flank face of the drill is measured by the universal tool microscope, which can accurately measure the wear of the drill.
As a result of a long time, people are used to block the processing properties of gray cast the importance of lack of necessary knowledge, no researchers have been of sufficient importance, which so far has yet to effectively enhance the body with a gray cast processing effective way of performance and measure the performance of mixed gray castings accurate processing methods, by combining the theory of the basis of previous studies, through the application of complex breeding methods and the use of universal tool microscope after disc of processing drilling drill flank wear width measurements, with a view to fundamentally solve these problems a long period of time block the development of China's science and technology problems.
This paper is a modification of a machine to measure the torque suffered a bit. Remove the tool, install one in his bit, carried by wire, slide the box to achieve drill feed motion, the workpiece metal drill bit, variable frequency drive motor to drill, drill motor to different speeds and can be up and down through the Tailstock movement up and down to change the location of the workpiece to achieve more freedom。
Bit in the cutting process can be subject to torque spindle motor attached to the sensor to measure. The equipment used in the slide of the machine tool boxes, carrying silk, rail, Tailstock, Spindle motor fixed frequency of the sensor.

KEY WORDS： casting, cutting performance, testing, torque, machine tools, vari
目　錄

第1章 緒 論 1
1.1灰鑄鐵切削性能研究的意義 1
1.2、國(guó)內(nèi)外缸體生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀的趨勢(shì) 1
1.3現(xiàn)在我國(guó)生產(chǎn)的灰鑄件就加工性能而言與國(guó)外生產(chǎn)的灰鑄件主要存在以下方面的差異： 2
1.4金屬切削機(jī)床在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位 2
1.5機(jī)床的發(fā)展概況和我國(guó)機(jī)床工業(yè)目前的水平 3
第2章 方案原理和扭矩的測(cè)量 5
2.1 扭矩的意義 7
2.2傳感器的選用 8
2.3 傳感器的類(lèi)型 9
2.3.1應(yīng)變型扭矩傳感器 9
2.3.2 壓電式傳感器 10
2.4電橋 12
2.4.1直流電橋 12
2.4.2交流電橋 13
2.5應(yīng)變片的粘法 13
2.6 測(cè)力軸承 15
2.7相近實(shí)例 16
第3章 機(jī)床的整體設(shè)計(jì) 17
3.1車(chē)床類(lèi)型 18
3.2車(chē)床的整體設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.2.1 床身的設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.2.2 導(dǎo)軌的選擇 20
3.2.3 直線運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的選擇 20
3.4 溜板箱 21
3.5  尾座部分 23
3.5.1 夾具體的具體設(shè)計(jì) 23
第4章 電機(jī)的選擇 27
4.1交流電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速方式 27
4.1.1調(diào)壓調(diào)速 27
4.1.2電磁轉(zhuǎn)差離合器調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 27
4.1.3 繞線轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子回路串電阻調(diào)速 28
4.1.4 繞線轉(zhuǎn)子異步電動(dòng)機(jī)串級(jí)調(diào)速 28
4.1.5 變頻調(diào)速 28
4.2 變頻器的構(gòu)成 29
第5章 切削式樣材料的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和研究方法 31
5.1實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容 31
5.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 31
第6章 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和分析 33
6.1 單一孕育劑的孕育結(jié)果 33
6.1.1 單一孕育劑處理鑄件的分析 33
6.1.2 單一孕育劑處理灰鑄件加工性能結(jié)果和分析 33
6.1.3單一孕育劑處理灰鑄件的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論 35
6.2 75FeSi+Sr復(fù)合孕育處理灰鑄件的結(jié)果和分析 35
6.2.1  75FeSi+Sr符合孕育劑灰鑄件力學(xué)性能對(duì)比 35
6.2.2  復(fù)合育劑處理灰鑄件的斷面敏感性對(duì)比 36
6.2.3  75FeSi+Sr復(fù)合育劑灰鑄件的加工性能對(duì)比 36
6.2.4  75FeSi+Sr復(fù)合育劑灰鑄件的顯微組織的分析和對(duì)比 37
6.2.5  75FeSi+Sr復(fù)合育劑灰鑄件的試驗(yàn)結(jié)論 38
結(jié)　論 39
謝 辭 40
參考文獻(xiàn) 41
外文資料翻譯 42