摘 要
計算機輔助工藝設(shè)計（Computer Aided Process Planning，CAPP）系統(tǒng)是企業(yè)信息集成的中間紐帶，是連接產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和產(chǎn)品制造的橋梁，是制造系統(tǒng)的重要環(huán)節(jié)。迄今為止，許多軟件公司和高校開發(fā)出為數(shù)眾多的CAPP系統(tǒng)，部分系統(tǒng)在實際中得到了應(yīng)用，但是也面臨著復(fù)用性不高、模塊化較弱、擴展性較差等若干問題。究其原因主要是由于CAPP系統(tǒng)與應(yīng)用行業(yè)，企業(yè)產(chǎn)品對象、企業(yè)資源以及制造資源因素等息息相關(guān)。如果這些因素在企業(yè)環(huán)境中發(fā)生變化，可能會使原有的CAPP系統(tǒng)不能正常發(fā)揮應(yīng)有的作用，從而導(dǎo)致企業(yè)對CAPP系統(tǒng)的投入和取得的經(jīng)濟效益不成正比。這種傳統(tǒng)的CAPP系統(tǒng)開發(fā)方式總是針對特定企業(yè)“量身定制”，并且每次都從頭開始進行系統(tǒng)開發(fā)，不僅開發(fā)難度大、周期長、成本高，而且系統(tǒng)可重構(gòu)、可擴展性能差，幾乎不可復(fù)用，嚴(yán)重阻礙了CAPP系統(tǒng)的推廣和應(yīng)用。因此對于CAPP系統(tǒng)來說，提供良好的復(fù)用性和靈活的可擴展性是一件非常有意義的事情。
目前大多數(shù)已有CAPP系統(tǒng)是基于C/S模式構(gòu)建的。近年來，隨著Web和數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)的發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了許多面向Internet的先進制造技術(shù)和制造模式。構(gòu)建基于B/S架構(gòu)的CAPP系統(tǒng)可以更完善的支持產(chǎn)品設(shè)計、工藝設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)管理（MRPⅡ/ERP）、加工制造等多個環(huán)節(jié)和部門的并行協(xié)同工作；可以更完善的支持遠程工藝設(shè)計和數(shù)據(jù)共享，從而使資源和信息的共享達到最大化，這也是未來CAPP系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展方向。
針對當(dāng)前CAPP系統(tǒng)的上述問題以及未來的發(fā)展趨勢，本文提出了采用平臺/插件體系結(jié)構(gòu)風(fēng)格（Plat-form/Plug-in Architecture Style）來開發(fā)基于Web的面向機械行業(yè)的開放式通用性CAPP系統(tǒng)。本文詳細(xì)介紹了軟件復(fù)用思想、基于Web的軟件開發(fā)技術(shù)、平臺/插件技術(shù)、XML技術(shù)以及系統(tǒng)開發(fā)工具；重點研究了平臺/插件架構(gòu)的CAPP系統(tǒng)的基本原理、總體結(jié)構(gòu)、插件庫模型、插件粒度劃分流程和最終參考框架、平臺與插件間的交互控制流程；詳細(xì)分析了基于Web的CAPP系統(tǒng)平臺的產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)樹、所見即所得的工藝設(shè)計、工藝設(shè)計規(guī)劃、制造工藝資源管理、系統(tǒng)組建策略等關(guān)鍵功能及其實現(xiàn)技術(shù)；具體闡述了切削參數(shù)優(yōu)化插件、工藝模板定制插件、鑄件質(zhì)量管理插件以及特殊符號錄入插件的實現(xiàn)技術(shù)，并依次給出實例驗證了插件的可行性；基于上述研究，開發(fā)了基于Web的平臺/插件式CAPP原型系統(tǒng)，同時概述了系統(tǒng)平臺的創(chuàng)建過程，介紹了系統(tǒng)功能插件的組裝和調(diào)用過程，簡介了原型系統(tǒng)平臺和插件的關(guān)鍵功能界面。

關(guān)鍵詞 CAPP；插件；Web；XML；所見即所得































Abstract
CAPP system is the important link of the information integration of modern enterprise, which has been recognized as the link between design and manufacturing. So far, many software companies and universities have developed a lot of CAPP systems, some of which have been applied in practice. However, there are some problems in CAPP systems nowadays, such as low reusability, weaker modularity and other problems. The main reason is that CAPP system is linked with the application industry, enterprise product objects, enterprise manufacturing resources. If these factors changes in the enterprise environment, the original CAPP system will not play its role normally, and the investment of CAPP and the economic benefit are out. The traditional development of CAPP system always follows the stereotype of developing special systems aiming at a single corporation, and each time new CAPP systems have to be developed from scratch, which cause difficult development, long period, high cost. The system has poor scalability, which is hardly reconfigured and reused. So, it is meaningful for CAPP system to provide good reusability and flexible extensibility.
The great majority of CAPP systems are based on C/S mode nowadays. In recent years, with the development of the Web and database technologies, advanced manufacturing technologies and manufacturing modes are emerged in Internet. The CAPP system based on B/S structure can support the parallel work of product design, process design, MRPⅡ/ERP and other departments more perfectly, and can support the sharing of remote process design data, which make the sharing of resources and information maximize. So the CAPP system based on B/S structure is the development direction of CAPP system.
According to the above problems of current CAPP systems and the future development trends of current CAPP systems, the paper presents the idea to utilize the Palt-form/Plug-in architecture structure to develop an open and universal CAPP system based on Web for the machinery industry. The thought of software reuse, the tools of system development, and some crucial technologies were discussed in detail, such as software development technology based on Web, Palt-form/Plug-in technology, XML technology, etc. The basic principle, the general structure, the model of plugin-in libraries, the process and final referenced frame of plug-in granularities and the process of interactive control between Palt-form and Plug-in were studied particularly. The main functions and implementation methods of the CAPP system plat-form based on Web for production tree, WYSIWYG(What You See Is What You Get) function and planning of process design, management of manufacturing process resource, strategy of assembling system and so on were analyzed in detail. The implementation techniques of plugin-in functi..