摘 要
長(zhǎng)期以來，甲板起重機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)主要依靠經(jīng)驗(yàn)判斷，此方法不僅被動(dòng)地設(shè)計(jì)而且在設(shè)計(jì)過程中浪費(fèi)大量資源。本課題針對(duì)鎮(zhèn)江金舟船舶設(shè)備有限公司設(shè)計(jì)的10t 10m甲板起重機(jī)吊臂的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，利用系列化理論得到擴(kuò)展吊臂，分別運(yùn)用參數(shù)化方法及程序語言設(shè)計(jì)吊臂并對(duì)其進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)開發(fā)，對(duì)提高設(shè)計(jì)效率與增強(qiáng)管理能力有很大的幫助。
本論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及創(chuàng)新工作包括：
1. 以上述甲板起重機(jī)吊臂為研究對(duì)象，分析其結(jié)構(gòu)與受力情況并計(jì)算吊臂在最不利工況下的受力。運(yùn)用ANSYS的二次開發(fā)工具APDL，將吊臂的建模、計(jì)算分析、結(jié)果查詢等不同功能的操作命令封裝至各個(gè)宏，實(shí)現(xiàn)吊臂設(shè)計(jì)專用系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，研究系列化設(shè)計(jì)方法并以此指導(dǎo)吊臂的系列化設(shè)計(jì)。
2. 運(yùn)用系列化設(shè)計(jì)理論——相似原理，結(jié)合吊臂受力分析，提出了一種吊臂系列化設(shè)計(jì)方法，并在原吊臂的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)出變型吊臂。通過原有的宏文件，分別計(jì)算吊臂系列的結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度，分析結(jié)果符合理論計(jì)算，驗(yàn)證了該系列化設(shè)計(jì)方法的正確性。
3. 以生成的分析文件為基礎(chǔ)優(yōu)化吊臂系列，得到吊臂系列改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)。利用已有宏文件分析改進(jìn)吊臂，數(shù)據(jù)顯示改進(jìn)后的吊臂強(qiáng)度和剛度提高，體積減少，與系列化設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果吻合，再次驗(yàn)證了本課題中系列化設(shè)計(jì)方法的可行性。
4. 基于吊臂系列優(yōu)化前后的尺寸參數(shù)與靜力學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)分析結(jié)果，利用C#語言和SQL Server 2000數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)技術(shù)和Pro/E軟件，開發(fā)吊臂系列化設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)。實(shí)現(xiàn)了將吊臂系列的概念設(shè)計(jì)、分析與優(yōu)化、數(shù)據(jù)管理以及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合，完成了CAE/CAD/PDM系統(tǒng)的集成，完善本課題對(duì)吊臂的系列化設(shè)計(jì)。

關(guān)鍵詞 甲板起重機(jī)吊臂；相似原理；APDL；優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)；數(shù)據(jù)管理
Abstract
For a long time, traditional design of deck crane is based on experience, which not only designs passively but also wastes a lot of manpower and resources in the design process. By studying the structural characteristic of 10t 10m deck crane boom of a Tianjing company, a series of crane booms were designed by using the theory of serialization design. Crane booms were designed by using parametric design method. Crane boom system was developed through utilizing programming language, which hleps to improve the design efficiency and enhance the management capacity.
The main contents of this paper include:
1. After analyzing the structure and the force of deck crane boom studied in this paper, each force in the most adverse working condition was calculated by utilizing ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL), different functions of modeling, calculating, analyzing and checking results were set into different micro files, which helps to achieve the appropriate system of crane boom parametric design. Based on these, a serialization design method was studied to guide the serialization design of crane boom in this paper.
2. By using serialization design theory, similarity principles, and combining with the force analysis of crane boom, a serialization design method for crane boom in this thesis was advanced and a series of crane booms were designed based on the original boom. The structural strength of the extended booms were calculated and analyzed by using the existent micro files, respectively. The results showed that, analyzing results are close to those are calculated according to this design method, which proved the correctness of this serialization design method proposed in this paper.
3. Based on the generated analysis file, the series of crane booms were optimized. Improved crane booms were obtained and analyzed by using the same micro files. The analyzing results revealed the structure strength of improved crane booms still satisfied the requirements of design and their volumes were less than they were used to be, which verified the feasibility of the serialization design method again.
4. According to the size parameters and structural analysis results of crane booms before and after optimization, program language C#， SQL Server 2000 database technology and software Pro/E were applied to implode the serialization design system of crane booms. The system realizes the collection of conceptual design, analysis and optimization, data management and structural design of crane booms, and achieves the integration of CAE/CAD/PDM systems, which consummates the serialization design of crane booms in this thesis.

Keywords deck crane boom, similarity theory, APDL, optimization, data management
目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究的背景 1
1.2 課題研究的意義 1
1.2.1 系列化設(shè)計(jì)的研究意義 1
1.2.2 參數(shù)化有限元建模的研究意義 2
1.2.3 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的研究意義 3
1.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 3
1.3.1 起重機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 3
1.3.2 系列化設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展 4
1.3.3 參數(shù)化技術(shù)在起重機(jī)領(lǐng)域的現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展 5
1.4 課題主要研究?jī)?nèi)容與章節(jié)安排 6
1.4.1 論文研究?jī)?nèi)容 6
1.4.2 章節(jié)安排 7
1.5 本章小結(jié) 8
第2章 系列化與參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)基本理論 9
2.1 系列化設(shè)計(jì)理論與方法 9
2.1.1 系列化設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)概念 9
2.1.2 相似理論 10
2.1.3 系列化設(shè)計(jì)方法 11
2.1.4 相似指標(biāo)與相似準(zhǔn)則計(jì)算方法 12
2.2 參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)與ANSYS參數(shù)化語言APDL 13
2.2.1 參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)理論及方法 13
2.2.2 ANSYS參數(shù)化編程語言APDL 15
2.3 本章小結(jié) 17
第3章 甲板起重機(jī)吊臂系列化設(shè)計(jì) 18
3.1 吊臂的基型設(shè)計(jì) 18
3.1.1 前處理操作 19
3.1.2 模型求解 2..