摘 要
動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)（Dynamic Positioning System）是船舶在不借助錨泊系統(tǒng)的情況下根據(jù)環(huán)境測(cè)量系統(tǒng)，檢測(cè)出船舶實(shí)際位置和目標(biāo)位置的偏差，依靠自身動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)，在控制系統(tǒng)的控制下抵御外界風(fēng)、浪、流的干擾，使其保持預(yù)定的航向航速或者固定在要求的海平面上。動(dòng)力定位是實(shí)現(xiàn)耙吸挖泥船精確疏浚定位、提升疏浚檔次、提高疏浚效益的一種重要保障。
論文針對(duì)實(shí)際工程項(xiàng)目，以中交天津航道局建造的“通程號(hào)”18000方耙吸式挖泥船動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)作為研究課題。根據(jù)耙吸挖泥船動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)的要求，對(duì)動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)的實(shí)施方案及硬軟件設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了探討與研究。論文具有明確的工程應(yīng)用背景和較高的實(shí)用價(jià)值，其主要工作如下：
首先以“通程號(hào)”為應(yīng)用背景，分析了耙吸挖泥船集成疏?？刂葡到y(tǒng)。對(duì)動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)的基本原理、結(jié)構(gòu)組成及基本功能進(jìn)行了介紹。針對(duì)耙吸挖泥船復(fù)雜的工作流程及疏浚過(guò)程的階段性，提出了耙吸挖泥船動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)的八大功能。
其次在動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的基礎(chǔ)上，構(gòu)建整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的硬件框架和網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)，并對(duì)動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)中的環(huán)境測(cè)量信號(hào)進(jìn)行分析描述，最后對(duì)動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)與各個(gè)執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)、疏?？刂葡到y(tǒng)以及功率管理系統(tǒng)接口信號(hào)進(jìn)行分析。
然后以“通程號(hào)”為應(yīng)用對(duì)象，具體說(shuō)明了該船的復(fù)合驅(qū)動(dòng)方式及全船電網(wǎng)模式，接著在介紹耙吸挖泥船功率管理系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)了其功率管理系統(tǒng)的基本框架，并結(jié)合動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)提出了低壓電站的自動(dòng)管理以及艏側(cè)推的管理方法。
最后在動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)軟件部分介紹了如何利用OPC客戶端采集PLC系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)以及串口信號(hào)的采集方法和解析協(xié)議。另外也針對(duì)實(shí)際工程提出了動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)中執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的控制邏輯和要求。
論文的主要研究成果已在該耙吸挖泥船上進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用，取得了很好的實(shí)船效果，獲得了航道局、公司和導(dǎo)師的肯定與好評(píng)。

關(guān)鍵詞：耙吸式挖泥船；動(dòng)力定位；疏?？刂葡到y(tǒng)；功率管理系統(tǒng);


Abstract
Dynamic positioning system is that ship measure the error of ship's actual position and target location according to the environment measure system without the aid of the ship mooring system, and resist the external signal disturbance under the function of the control system by own power system to keep the required speed and the scheduled course or fixed sea level. Dynamic positioning is an important guarantee for precise dredging orientation, ascending dredging class, improving dredging benefits of a suction hoper dredger .
This thesis focuses on the dynamic positioning system of the 18,000 squares trailing suction hopper dredger named “TONGCHENGHAO”, constructed by cccc-Tianjin Dredging. The implementation plan, hardware and software design of dynamic positioning system were studied according to the system requirement. The applied background of this thesis is very clearly, and the practical value is very high. The main task of this thesis is as follows.
Firstly, integration hopper dredging control system of Trailing suction hopper dredger is analysed based on the “TONGCHENGHAO”. Then the principle of dynamic positioning system, composition and functions are introduced. The eight functions of the dredger dynamic positioning system were provided according to the complex work process and dredging process phases of the dredger.
Secondly, the entire system’s hardware and the network are designed based on the structure and function of the dynamic positioning system, and the measurement signal of environment is described. Finally the interface signals between dynamic positioning system and the various implementing agencies, dredging control system, power management system, is analyzed.
Thirdly, according to 18,000 square trailing suction dredger, the power structure of the ship and the ship's power grid configuration mode are detailed, and the ship's power management system is introduced. And then the power management system framework is designed, low-voltage automatic power management, and bow thruster management is proposed combined with the dynamic positioning system.
At last, how to use the OPC client to collect date of PLC and serial signal acquisition methods and analytical protocols are described at dynamic positioning software section. The actuator control logic and requirements is proposed for the dynamic positioning system according to actual project.
The main results of this thesis are used on the “TONGCHENGHAO”. Dynamic positioning system has obtained the enterprise, company and my teacher's high praise because of its perfect performance.

Key words: Trailing Suction Dredger; Dynamic Positioning (DP); Integrated Hopper dredging control system (IHDCS); Power Manage System (PMS);



目 錄
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 錄 III
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究的背景、目的和意義 1
1.1.1 課題研究的背景 1
1.1.2 課題研究的目的和意義 2
1.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 2
1.3 本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容和主要工作 4
第2章 耙吸挖泥船疏浚控制系統(tǒng)及動(dòng)力定位介紹 6
2.1耙吸挖泥船集成疏?？刂葡到y(tǒng) 6
2.2 動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)介紹 8
2.2.1 動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)原理 8
2.2.2 動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu) 10
2.2.3動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)基本功能 11
2.3耙吸挖泥船動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)功能 14
2.4 本章小結(jié) 17
第3章 耙吸挖泥船動(dòng)力定位硬件系統(tǒng) 18
3.1動(dòng)力定位硬件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 18
3.3.1 控制工作站 19
3.3.2 PLC系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 19
3.2動(dòng)力定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 20
3.3 環(huán)境測(cè)..