中國區(qū)際法律沖突的特點(diǎn)及其解決模式

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　　摘 要 隨著香港、澳門的相繼回歸，中國出現(xiàn)了“一國兩制、四法域”的格局；而中國大陸與臺灣還未能統(tǒng)一，是否能將大陸與臺灣之間的沖突稱成為區(qū)際沖突，或有此一問，因?yàn)樗^區(qū)際沖突一般是指統(tǒng)一國家內(nèi)各法域的沖突。關(guān)于這一問題，中國的狀況十分特殊。中國應(yīng)該采取何種區(qū)際法律沖突的模式，成為目前急需解決的問題。由于歷史原因，內(nèi)地與香港、澳門之間的關(guān)系歷來相當(dāng)于不同國家之間的關(guān)系，相互之間的沖突關(guān)系一般視為國際沖突，多援用各自國際沖突法規(guī)則解決之。自中國政府實(shí)行改革開放政策以來，內(nèi)地與港澳的交往日增，出現(xiàn)了大量的沖突問題，在解決這些沖突問題時，不能單純地將這種法律沖突作為國際法律沖突對待。在香港和澳門回歸前的過渡期，兩地仍分別由英國和葡萄牙政府負(fù)責(zé)行政管理。因此，在1997年和1999年以前，內(nèi)地與香港、澳門之間的沖突仍應(yīng)屬于國際法律沖突性質(zhì)。1997年和1999年后，香港和澳門先后回歸祖國，成為中國境內(nèi)兩個新的獨(dú)立法域，內(nèi)地與香港、澳門之間的區(qū)際法律沖突才成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。加之目前大陸與臺灣在政治上尚未統(tǒng)一，對對方法律在己方域內(nèi)的效力尚未相互承認(rèn)，但自兩岸開放至今，始終存在著大量的兩岸之間的交往關(guān)系，存在著兩岸之間特殊的區(qū)際法律沖突。本文試從中國區(qū)際法律沖突的特點(diǎn)，來探求適合中國區(qū)際法律沖突的解決模式。

　　關(guān)鍵詞 法域；區(qū)際法律沖突；解決模式

　　Abstract
　　With the return of Hong Kong and Macao one after another， the pattern of “one country， two systems ，four law lands ”has appeared in China. Moreover， at present， Mainland and Taiwan are not reunified. Because the so-called inter-region conflict is generally referred to that among the various law lands in an unified country. whether the conflict of law between Mainland and Taiwan can be called the inter-region conflict…… About this question ， the state of China is very special. Because of the historical reason， the relation among Mainland， Hong Kong and Macao is usually taken as that among different countries. Consequently， conflicts among them are generally regarded as international conflicts and are solved by quoting the regulation of conflict of international law.，
　　Since the adoption of policy of reform and opening in China， contacts between Mainland and Hong Kong， Macao have increased and a lot of conflicts have appeared. On solving the problem of conflicts ， we cannot regard them as international ones， At present， although we have assured in law that Hong Kong and Macao will become two independent law lands of China， the two places were still governed by the U.K. and Portugal separately before their return. That is to say the conflicts between Mainland and Hong Kong， Macao were still of international law before 1997 and 1999.And after that time， with the return of Hong Kong and Macao in succession and becoming two new independent law lands in China， the conflicts between Mainland and Hong Kong ，Macao turned into that of inter-region law. In addition， nowadays Mainland and Taiwan are not reunified， nor mutually commitment of law on its own law land. But since the opening of two sides， there are a quantity of contacts and existed the special conflicts of inter-region law.
　　Basing on the features of Chinese conflicts of inter-region law， this thesis tries to explore the proper solving pattern to it.
　　Key Words： law fields conflicts of region-crossing law legislation pattern