變頻器控制電動(dòng)機(jī)


摘要
　　　隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展，城市建設(shè)規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大，以及人們生活水平的不斷提高，對(duì)城市生活供暖的用戶數(shù)量和供暖質(zhì)量提出了越來越高的要求。結(jié)合現(xiàn)狀,本論文供暖鍋爐監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計(jì)了一套基于PLC和變頻調(diào)速技術(shù)的供暖鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)。
　　　該控制系統(tǒng)以兩臺(tái)工業(yè)控制機(jī)作為上位機(jī)，以西門子S7-300可編程控制器為下位機(jī)，系統(tǒng)通過變頻器控制電動(dòng)機(jī)的啟動(dòng)、運(yùn)行和調(diào)速。上位機(jī)監(jiān)控軟件采用三維力控PCAuto3.6設(shè)計(jì)，主要完成系統(tǒng)操作界面設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)啟/?？刂?、參數(shù)設(shè)定、報(bào)警聯(lián)動(dòng)、歷史數(shù)據(jù)查詢等功能。下位機(jī)控制程序采用西門子公司的STEP7編程軟件設(shè)計(jì)，主要完成模擬量信號(hào)的處理，溫度和壓力信號(hào)的PID控制等功能，并接收上位機(jī)的控制指令以完成風(fēng)機(jī)啟/?？刂啤?shù)設(shè)定、循環(huán)泵控制和其余電動(dòng)機(jī)的控制。
　　　本文設(shè)計(jì)的變頻控制系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了鍋爐燃燒過程的自動(dòng)控制，系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、可靠。采用鍋爐的計(jì)算機(jī)控制和變頻控制不僅可大大節(jié)約能源，促進(jìn)環(huán)保，而且可以提高生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化水平，具有顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。

關(guān)鍵詞:  鍋爐控制;變頻調(diào)速技術(shù);PLC;組態(tài)軟件

Abstract
　　　　Along with social economy's swift development, the urban construction scale's unceasing expansion, as well as the people living standard's unceasing enhancement, set more and more high request to the city life heating's user quantity and the heating quality. The union present situation, the present paper heating boiler supervisory system, has designed a set based on PLC and the frequency conversion velocity modulation technology heating boiler control system.
　　　　This control system takes the superior machine by two industry cybertrons, west of family household S7-300 programmable controller for lower position machine, system through frequency changer control motor's start, movement and velocity modulation. The superior machine monitoring software uses the three dimensional strength to control the PCAuto3.6 design, mainly completes the system operation contact surface design, realizes the system to open/stops functions and so on control, parameter hypothesis, warning linkage, historical data inquiry. The lower position machine control procedure uses Siemens's STEP7 programming software design, mainly completes the simulation quantity signal processing, temperature and pressure signal functions and so on PID control, and receives the superior machine control command to complete the air blower to open/stops the control, the parameter hypothesis, the circulating pump control and other electric motor's control .
　　　　This article designs the frequency conversion control system has realized the boiler combustion process automatic control, the systems operation is stable, is reliable. Uses boiler's computer control and the frequency conversion control not only may save the energy greatly, the promotion environmental protection, moreover may raise the production automation level, has the remarkable economic efficiency and the social efficiency.
　　　　
Key word: Boiler control; Frequency conversion velocity modulation technology; PLC; Configuration software
目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
第一章緒論 1
1.1 項(xiàng)目背景及課題的研究意義 1
1.2 供暖鍋爐控制的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3 本文所做工作 3
第二章 變頻調(diào)速在供暖鍋爐控制中的應(yīng)用 4
2.1變頻調(diào)速基本原理 4
2.2變頻調(diào)速在供暖鍋爐系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用 4
2.3變頻調(diào)速節(jié)能分析 5
第三章 鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)原理 7
3.1引言 7
3.1.1偏差控制方式 7
3.1.2 PID控制方式 8
3.2循環(huán)流量控制 10
3.3燃燒過程控制 11
第四章 鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) 12
4.1系統(tǒng)功能分析 12
4.2系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 12
4.2.1總體設(shè)計(jì)思路 12
4.2.2系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 13
4.3系統(tǒng)硬件配置 14
第五章 鍋爐控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 16
5.1系統(tǒng)主電路的設(shè)計(jì) 16
5.2系統(tǒng)控制電路的設(shè)計(jì) 17
5.3系統(tǒng)主要元器件的選擇 20
5.3.1 PLC的選型 20
5.3.2通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)配置 25
5.3.3變頻器的選型 25
5.3.4傳感器的選型 28
5.3.5其他主要元器件的選擇 28
第六章系統(tǒng)軟件的設(shè)計(jì) 29
6.1 S7-300系列PLC簡(jiǎn)介 29
6.1.1 S7-300編程方式簡(jiǎn)介 29
6.1.2 S7-300 PLC的存儲(chǔ)區(qū) 30
6.2PLC控制程序設(shè)計(jì) 31
6.2.1 PLC控制流程圖 32
6.2.2 PLC控制程序 36
第七章 監(jiān)控組態(tài)軟件設(shè)計(jì) 38
7.1組態(tài)軟件設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn) 38
7.2項(xiàng)目組態(tài) 39
7.2.1開發(fā)平臺(tái)和運(yùn)行環(huán)境 39
7.2.2項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu) 39
7.2.3項(xiàng)目任務(wù) 41
7.3界面設(shè)計(jì) 42
7.4報(bào)警記錄 44
結(jié)論 46
參考文獻(xiàn) 47
附錄1 48
附錄2 49
外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯 53
致謝 83