轎車后保險(xiǎn)杠內(nèi)支撐架沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì)

目  錄
摘  要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 緒  論 1
1.1 本課題的研究目的及意義 1
1.2 本課題國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.1 國(guó)內(nèi)的研究現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.2 國(guó)外的研究現(xiàn)狀 2
1.2.3 發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 3
1.2.4 設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)的背景知識(shí) 4
1.3 研究的重點(diǎn) 5
1.3.1 設(shè)計(jì)重點(diǎn)涉及的方面 5
1.3.2 本課題擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題 5
1.4 本論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容與思路 5
第二章 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)及產(chǎn)品圖 7
第三章 零件的工藝性分析和方案的擬定 9
3.1 零件的工藝分析 9
3.2 工藝方案的擬訂 9
第四章 主要工藝參數(shù)的確定 11
4.1 工件外形毛坯的設(shè)計(jì) 11
4.2 排樣和材料利用率的計(jì)算 11
4.2.1排樣方法的確定 11
4.2.2 確定搭邊值 13
4.3 壓力中心計(jì)算與確定 14
4.4 沖壓力的計(jì)算 15
4.4.1 落料力的計(jì)算 15
4.4.2 切邊力的計(jì)算 17
4.4.3 沖孔力的計(jì)算 18
4.5 間隙的影響 21
4.6 凸、凹模工作部分尺寸和公差計(jì)算 23
4.7 零部件的設(shè)計(jì) 29
4.8 設(shè)備的選用 33
4.9 模架的選用 35
第五章 模具裝配的設(shè)計(jì) 37
5.1 導(dǎo)柱、導(dǎo)套的固定 37
5.2 上、下模座的設(shè)計(jì) 39
5.3 模具模柄的設(shè)計(jì) 42
第六章 模具總體結(jié)構(gòu)及工作過程 43
6.1 模具裝配的技術(shù)要求 43
6.2 模架的裝配 44
6.3 總裝 44
6.3.1 技術(shù)要求 44
6.4 試模 45
6.5 使用要求 46
第七章 結(jié)論與展望 47
致  謝 48
參考文獻(xiàn) 49

摘  要
　　　模具工業(yè)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)。在現(xiàn)代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，產(chǎn)品零件廣泛采用沖壓、鍛壓成形、壓鑄成形、擠壓成形、塑料注射或其它成形加工方法，與成形模具相配套，使坯料成形加工成符合產(chǎn)品要求的零件。許多產(chǎn)業(yè)部門(如機(jī)電、汽車、家電輕工、電器儀表、通訊、軍械等)的發(fā)展依賴于模具工業(yè)的技術(shù)提高和發(fā)展。我國(guó)對(duì)模具工業(yè)的發(fā)展十分重視，國(guó)務(wù)院于1989年就將模具技術(shù)的發(fā)展列為機(jī)械行業(yè)的首要任務(wù)。充分說明了模具工業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)性和重要性。
　　　本課題是針對(duì)轎車后保險(xiǎn)杠內(nèi)支撐架沖壓工藝及模具設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行分析設(shè)計(jì)，即沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)。零件形狀較為復(fù)雜，且為一個(gè)對(duì)稱零件。根據(jù)對(duì)零件的加工工藝及結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，設(shè)定一下工藝步驟：
落料
成形
切邊
沖孔
　　　本課題通過分析了轎車后保險(xiǎn)杠內(nèi)支撐架的成形工藝，根據(jù)轎車后保險(xiǎn)杠內(nèi)支撐架的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和技術(shù)要求，主要設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)成形模。本次設(shè)計(jì)的重點(diǎn)涉及沖壓工序和沖模分類；常見沖壓設(shè)備及工作原理、選用原則；沖壓成形基本原理和規(guī)律；沖壓成形性能及常見沖壓材料；模具材料種類、性能、選用原則及熱處理方法；模具制造特點(diǎn)、模具零件加工方法及應(yīng)用等 。在分析沖裁變形過程及沖裁件質(zhì)量影響因素的基礎(chǔ)上，了解沖裁工藝計(jì)算、工藝方案制定和沖裁模設(shè)計(jì)、間隙確定、刃口尺寸計(jì)算原則和方法、排樣設(shè)計(jì)、沖裁力與壓力中心計(jì)算、沖裁工藝性分析與工藝方案制定、沖裁典型結(jié)構(gòu)、零部件設(shè)計(jì)及模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)用、沖裁模設(shè)計(jì)方法與步驟等。沖裁模凸、凹模技術(shù)要求及加工特點(diǎn)，模具裝配特點(diǎn)。
　　　
關(guān)鍵詞：模具工業(yè)，沖壓模具，轎車后保險(xiǎn)杠內(nèi)支撐架，成形

ABSTRACT
　　　Mold & Die Industry is the foundation of the national economy industry. In the modern industrial production, the product widely used parts stamping forming, die-casting, forging and pressing molding, extrusion forming, plastic injection or other forming method, and forming mold of supporting, make blank forming in compliance with the requirements of a product parts. Many industry department (such as mechanical and electrical, automotive, household appliances, light industry, electric apparatus, communication, weapons, the development of die and mould industry is dependent on the technology improve and development. Our country to the development of die and mould industry seriously, and the state council in 1989 to the development of the mould technology will be listed as the primary task of the mechanical industry. Fully explain the basic and the importance and mould industry.
　　　This topic is for car bumper after supporting frame in stamping process and die design analysis design, namely stamping mould design. Parts shape is more complicated, and for a symmetrical parts. According to the machining process of the part and the structure characteristics, set the process steps:
1. Dropping material
2. Forming
3. Trimming
4. Punching
    This topic through the analysis of the car was in the bumper brace after forming process, according to car bumper after the structure of supporting frame in characteristics and technical requirements, the main design a stretch forming dies. The design of the key involved punching process and die classification; Common punching equipment and working principle, the selection principle; Stamping basic principle and law; Stamping performance and common stamping materials; Die material types, properties and selection principle and heat treatment methods; Mould manufacturing characteristics, mould parts processing methods and applications. On the analysis of the deformation process and cutting blanking pieces factors affecting the quality of basis, understand the cutting process calculation, process scheme formulated and punch die design, sure, the blade gap size calculation principle and method, layout design, cutting force and pressure center calculation, cutting technology analysis and processing plan making, cutting the typical structure, spare parts design and die standard application, punch die design methods and steps, etc. Punch die convex, concave die technology requirements and processing characteristics, the mold assembly characteristics.
Keywords: Mold & Die Industry, After supporting frame in car bumpers
　　　　　　　Stamping die, forming