Abstract

Based on the analyses of fundamental meteorological and hydrogeological conditions at the site of a tunnel in the cold regions, a combined convection-conduction model for air flow in the tunnel and temperature field in the surrounding has been constructed. Using the model, the air temperature distribution in the Xiluoqi No. 2 Tunnel has been simulated numerically. The simulated results are in agreement with the data observed. Then, based on the in situ conditions of sir temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind force, hydrogeology and engineering geology, the air-temperature relationship between the temperature on the surface of the tunnel wall and the air temperature at the entry and exit of the tunnel has been obtained, and the freeze-thaw conditions at the Dabanshan Tunnel which is now under construction is predicted.
Keywords: tunnel in cold regions, convective heat exchange and


摘 要

通過對嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)隧道現(xiàn)場基本氣象條件的分析，建立了隧道內(nèi)空氣與圍巖對流換熱及固體導(dǎo)熱的綜合模型;用此模型對大興安嶺西羅奇2號隧道的洞內(nèi)氣溫分布進(jìn)行了模擬計(jì)算，結(jié)果與實(shí)測值基本一致;分析預(yù)報(bào)了正在開鑿的祁連山區(qū)大坂山隧道開通運(yùn)營后洞內(nèi)溫度及圍巖凍結(jié)、融化狀況.
關(guān)鍵詞 嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)隧道 導(dǎo)熱與對流換熱 凍結(jié)與融化
在我國多年凍土分布及鄰近地區(qū)，修筑了公路和鐵路隧道幾十座.由于隧道開通后洞內(nèi)水熱條件的變化;，普遍引起洞內(nèi)圍巖凍結(jié)，造成對襯砌層的凍脹破壞以及洞內(nèi)滲水凍結(jié)成冰凌等，嚴(yán)重影響了正常交通.類似隧道凍害問題同樣出現(xiàn)在其他國家（蘇聯(lián)、挪威、日本等)的寒冷地區(qū).如何預(yù)測分析隧道開挖后圍巖的凍結(jié)狀況，為嚴(yán)寒地區(qū)隧道建設(shè)的設(shè)計(jì)、施工及維護(hù)提供依據(jù)，這是一個亟待解決的重要課題.