配電智能終端的設(shè)計(jì)與研究

摘  要
　　　配電智能終端是實(shí)現(xiàn)配網(wǎng)管理現(xiàn)代化的重要手段，本課題在研究分析配網(wǎng)管理的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)、通信技術(shù)、信息技術(shù)、管理、系統(tǒng)控制技術(shù)等對(duì)配電智能終端進(jìn)行了研究，設(shè)計(jì)基于ARM處理器和嵌入式實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合的配電智能終端方案，并進(jìn)行硬件和軟件總體設(shè)計(jì)。
　　　配電智能終端采用大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)，應(yīng)用先進(jìn)的數(shù)字信號(hào)處理技術(shù)，以32位高性能RISC處理器及高速、高精度數(shù)字采樣芯片為核心，是集交流采樣、通訊、無功補(bǔ)償、諧波分析、配電綜合監(jiān)測(cè)、溫濕度測(cè)量、控制等功能于一體的新型測(cè)控設(shè)備，適用于交流0.4KV、50Hz低壓配電系統(tǒng)的綜合監(jiān)測(cè)及無功補(bǔ)償控制，以及10KV以上的高壓供電系統(tǒng)及發(fā)電廠、變電站的綜合監(jiān)測(cè)。它具有485\GPRS\GSM等通訊接口，可實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程召喚、參數(shù)的修改及遠(yuǎn)程控制等功能。
　　　配電智能終智能終端采用16位AD采樣芯片進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)交采，采用浮點(diǎn)形式的傅里葉計(jì)算電能，精度可達(dá)到0.2S級(jí)，取代了傳統(tǒng)意義上的多功能電表計(jì)量功能。為提高抗惡劣環(huán)境(包括氣象環(huán)境和電、磁環(huán)境)的能力，配電智能終端通信采用規(guī)約轉(zhuǎn)換模塊以滿足終端適應(yīng)復(fù)雜的通訊環(huán)境要求，同時(shí)，采用數(shù)字認(rèn)證技術(shù)確保系統(tǒng)通訊的安全性和穩(wěn)定性。
　　　配電智能終端具有設(shè)計(jì)精巧、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、功能強(qiáng)大、測(cè)量數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)多、精度高、高可靠性、投切控制組態(tài)方便、靈活等特點(diǎn)，它還集成了溫度、凝露、開關(guān)量等多種信號(hào)測(cè)量，并且配以繼電器輸出控制，在終端實(shí)現(xiàn)、系統(tǒng)功能以及性能方面有一定的先進(jìn)性，終端智能化程度高、安全可靠、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、性價(jià)比高，有極大的推廣價(jià)值。
　　　
關(guān)鍵詞：ARM，電力負(fù)荷管理系統(tǒng)，嵌入式系統(tǒng)
Abstract
　　　  The intelligent distribution terminal is modern distribution management system to achieve an important guarantee for the economic development of society growing demand for electricity, making the original distribution terminal can no longer meet the requirements, and because of the rapid development of various technologies and The emergence of new technologies, distribution management to promote the development of a new terminal also. Distribution of this subject in the research and analysis on the basis of management development, and then made reference to the basis of previous research programs, combined with computer technology, communication technology, information technology, management and system control technology, the intelligent distribution terminal on the study design. the design of intelligent distribution terminal,which is based on the ARM processor and Embedded Real-Time Operating System(RTOS),is presented and demonstrated.The overall design of the hardware and software is carried out.
　　　Smart device development in the distribution, the use of multi-dimensional solidification design (ie: communication protocol curing, curing function points, logic curing), to achieve system power load, stealing, power loss aspects of the comprehensive data collection, analysis, and system failures and alarm functions in case of fault recorder.
　　　The intelligent distribution terminal adops the technology of large scale integrated circuit,and use digital signal drocessing technology, with a core of 32-bit RISC CPU and great rate, high precision digital sampling chip,the new measurement and control device set AC sampling, communications, reactive current compensation, harmonics analysis, distribution monitoring functions, temperature and humidity measurement, control functions as one,it’s applicable on AC 0.4kv,50Hz monitoring in low voltage distribution network and reactive power compensation, above the integrated monitoring of 10kv high voltage supply system and electricpowerplants, electric substation.It has communication interface,which can use local communication and long-range communications, remote call, modify the parameters andRemote control capacitor switching.
　　　The intelligent distribution terminal end of AD sampling chip 16-bit real-time cross-mining, the use of floating point calculations in the form of the Fourier power, precision can reach 0.2S class, replacing the transfer function through the sense of meter measurement functions. In order to improve anti-poor environment (including weather environment and electric and magnetic environment) the ability to communicate with intelligent terminal distribution protocol converter module to meet the end requirements to adapt to the complex communication environment, while digital authentication technology to ensure the security and communication systems stability.
　　　The intelligent distribution terminal designed exquisite, technologically advanced ,powerful , variety measuringdata,of good precision,high reliability, switching control configuration with great convenience, flexible characteristics.It set  temperature, condensation, switching value and the other typies of signal measurement,with the electrical relay’s output controlling, fills up the gap of the intelligent distribution terminal on our country.
　　　
Key words: ARM,Power Load Management System, Embedded System

目  錄
摘  要 I
Abstract III
目  錄 V
Contents VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 課題背景與研究意義 1
1.2 國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀與分析 1
1.3 論文主要完成工作 3
第二章 配電智能終端的總體設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1 配電智能終端需求分析 5
2.1.1配電終端的基本功能 5
2.1.2配電終端的參照標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 6
2.1.3配電智能終端的技術(shù)指標(biāo) 7
2.2 主處理器選型 8
2.3 嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)選型 8
2.4 終端的總體構(gòu)架 9
2.4.1 硬件總體架構(gòu) 9
2.4.2 軟件總體架構(gòu) 11
第三章 配電智能終端硬件平臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì) 13
3.1 LPC2292微處理器硬件結(jié)構(gòu) 13
3.1.1 LPC2292微處理器特性 13
3.1.2 LPC2292體系結(jié)構(gòu) 14
3.2  終端的功能模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) 15
3.2.1 ARM核心模塊 15
3.2.2 電源模塊 16
3.2.3 復(fù)位模塊 16
3.2.4系統(tǒng)時(shí)鐘模塊 17
3.2.5通信接口模塊 19
3.2.6存儲(chǔ)器、LCD模塊 22
3.2.7鍵盤模塊 24
3.2.8測(cè)量模塊 25
3.2.9控制輸出模塊 29
第四章 配電智能終端的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 31
4.1  終端啟動(dòng)過程整體分析 31
4.2  配電智能終端的任務(wù)功能實(shí)現(xiàn) 32
4.2.1監(jiān)視任務(wù) 33
4.2.2數(shù)據(jù)采集與處理 35
4.2.3抄電表任務(wù) 38
4.2.4基于GPRS/CDMA的通訊任務(wù) 39
4.2.5鍵盤掃描和液晶顯示任務(wù) 42
4.2.6文件服務(wù)和負(fù)荷管理任務(wù) 42
第五章 結(jié)論 49
5.1 本文總結(jié) 49
5.2 今后展望 49
參考文獻(xiàn) 51
攻讀學(xué)位期間發(fā)表論文 54
獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明 55
致  謝 56