乳液聚合物用于紙頁增強的研究

摘 要
隨著世界經(jīng)濟的迅猛發(fā)展以及人們生活水平的提高，紙和紙板的生產(chǎn)及需求量呈大幅上升趨勢。如何充分利用纖維資源，在原料強度低、纖維用量不變甚至是減少的情況下，抄造出強度性能更佳的紙或紙板，已成為人們?nèi)找骊P(guān)注的課題。
造紙增強劑在造紙中的應(yīng)用已經(jīng)越來越廣泛，特別是造紙濕強劑的應(yīng)用和研究。但是還存在一些問題，如：環(huán)境有害性、增強有限性、濕強有期限等。合成新型無污染、大幅度增強紙頁強度、長久保持紙頁抗水性的濕強劑，在造紙增強劑領(lǐng)域具有十分重要的意義。
本文以苯乙烯、烯丙基縮水甘油醚、異戊二烯為合成單體，利用乳液聚合的方法合成有效聚合物，用單因素分析法對合成聚合物的工藝參數(shù)及其配抄工藝進行優(yōu)化，獲得最佳的合成參數(shù)和配抄參數(shù)，采用紅外分析、特殊官能團分析等方法對聚合物的結(jié)構(gòu)進行了初步的探討，將聚合物以傳統(tǒng)的抄紙方式配抄到紙頁中，測定了處理后的紙頁的強度性能和抗水性能。
實驗研究結(jié)果表明，由苯乙烯、烯丙基縮水甘油醚、異戊二烯合成的聚合物具有使紙頁強度增強的性能。通過不同聚合條件下的聚合物用于紙頁增強的研究，反應(yīng)最佳單體摩爾比為，苯乙烯：烯丙基縮水甘油醚：異戊二烯=1：1：1；最佳合成溫度為70℃，最佳反應(yīng)時間為5h；聚合物在紙頁中的添加量在小于1.0%時，添加量越大，紙頁的強度越好；在固化時間小于150s時，紫外固化時間越長，紙頁的濕抗張強度越大，而耐破度和抗張強度先增加，后趨向于穩(wěn)定。在最佳條件下，紙頁的耐破度可提高55.5%，干抗張強度提高55.8%，濕抗張強度提高460.0%。聚合物中含有約0.0056020mol/g的線性碳碳雙鍵和0.0042438mol/g的環(huán)氧基團。

關(guān)鍵詞：聚合物；乳液聚合；紙頁增強劑；環(huán)氧基；紫外固化

Abstract
With the development of world economy and the improvement of People's living standards, the need of paper and cardboard production showed a significant upward trend. How to make full use of fiber, using the Low-intensity material and low fiber content, to make paper or cardboard which with better strength properties, has become a growing concern.
Paper enhancer has become increasingly widespread in Papermaking, especially in applications and research of wet strength agent. But there face some problems need to solve, such as: harmful to the environment, the limited increased in wet strength and deadlines of wet strength. Synthesize a new pollution-free; substantially enhance the sheet strength, long water resistant wet strength agent, set great significance to the field of reinforcing agent in the paper.
In this paper, styrene, ally ether and isoprene be used as monomer for the synthesis, the effective use of emulsion polymers synthesized, synthesize polymers with Emulsion polymerization method. Using Single factor analysis to optimize the technological parameters and papermaking processes, finally get the best synthesis parameters and papermaking parameters, using infrared analysis, the special functional group analysis and so on to preliminary study the structure of the polymer. Then making paper in a traditional way with the polymers, and testing strength properties and water resistance of the paper.
Experimental results show that the polymers synthesized by using styrene, ally ether and isoprene can enhanced the performance of sheet strength. By studying different Polymerization conditions, showed that the best Monomer molar ratio is styrene: ally ether: isoprene = 1:1:1; best synthesis temperature 70 ℃, the optimum reaction time was 5 hours; the more polymers used the better strength the sheet get when the added amount of polymers is less than 1.0%; the longer UV curing wet sheet tensile strength the better when the curing time is less than 150s, while the bursting and tensile strength first increased, then tended to stabilize. Under optimal conditions, the page bursting of paper can increase 55.5%, dry tensile strength increased 55.8%, wet tensile strength increased by 460.0 percent. Polymer contains about 0.0098458mol / g of linear carbon-carbon double bond and 0.0042438mol / g of the epoxy group.

Key words: polymer; polymerization; sheet enhancer; epoxy group; UV curing

目 錄
摘要
Abstract
第一章 緒論 3
1.1 研究背景 1
1.1.1 造紙行業(yè)的發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀 1
1.1.2 增強劑在造紙中的應(yīng)用 2
1.2 紙頁增強原理 3
1.3 聚合物合成機理 4
1.3.1 自由基聚合 5
1.3.2 離子聚合 5
1.4 課題研究的創(chuàng)新點及意義 5
1.5 課題的主要研究內(nèi)容 6
第二章 實驗部分 7
2.1 引言 7
2.2 實驗材料與儀器設(shè)備 7
2.2.1 實驗材料 7
2.2.2 實驗儀器設(shè)備 8
2.3 實驗方法 8
2.3.1 聚合物的合成 8
2.3.2 聚合物作為增強劑配抄紙頁 9
2.3.3 紫外光固化 9
2.3.4 紙頁強度性能分析 9
2.3.5 聚合物的破乳提純 10
2.3.6 聚合物環(huán)氧基團測定法 10
2.3.7 聚合物不飽和度測定法 11
2.3.8 聚合物結(jié)構(gòu)性能分析 11
第三章 結(jié)果討論 11
3.1 聚合物單體的選擇 11
3.2 聚合物合成條件的確定 12
3.3 聚合物主要官能團分析 13
3.4 聚合物具有增強紙頁強度性能的初步探討 17
3.5 聚合物合成工藝的優(yōu)化 19
3.4.1 聚合反應(yīng)用料比例對紙頁強度性能的影響 19
3.4.2 聚合反應(yīng)時間對紙頁強度性能的影響 22
3.4.3 聚合反應(yīng)溫度對紙頁強度性能的影響 25
3.4.4 聚合物配抄紙頁用料對紙頁強度性能的影響 28
3.6 紫外光固化時間優(yōu)化 31
第四章 結(jié)論與展望 34
4.1 結(jié)論 34
4.2 實..