摘  要

步進電動機由于用其組成的開環(huán)系統(tǒng)既簡單、廉價，又非常可行，因此在打印機等辦公自動化設(shè)備以及各種控制裝置等眾多領(lǐng)域有著極其廣泛的應(yīng)用。

本文介紹的是一種基于單片機的步進電機的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，用匯編語言和Ｃ語言編寫出電機的正轉(zhuǎn)、反轉(zhuǎn)、調(diào)速、停止程序，通過單片機、電機的驅(qū)動芯片ULN2001以及相應(yīng)的按鍵實現(xiàn)以上功能，并且步進電機的工作狀態(tài)要用LCD液晶顯示器顯示出來。本文內(nèi)容介紹了步進電機以及單片機原理、該系統(tǒng)的硬件電路、程序組成，同時對軟、硬件進行了調(diào)試，同時介紹了調(diào)試過程中出現(xiàn)的問題以及解決問題的方法。該設(shè)計具有思路明確、可靠性高、穩(wěn)定性強等特點，通過調(diào)試實現(xiàn)了上述功能。

關(guān)鍵詞：步進電機；脈寬調(diào)制；驅(qū)動機構(gòu)；單片機；轉(zhuǎn)動

 Design of The Control System of Step-motor

The open-loop system which is composed by step-motor is simple, cheap and very practical, so there are very wide range of applications in printers and other office automation equipment and various control devices, and many other fields. 

This article describes one design of step-motor system based on microcontroller.The program of the preparation of a motor , reverse, adjust speed, stop is written by compile language. The above functions are realized through the microcontroller, motor driver chip  ULN2001 and  correspond key , and the work state of stepper motor is diaplayed through the light-emitting diode. This article introduces the principle of stepper motor and single-chip microcomputer, the system hardware circuit, the program components, while software and hardware for the debugging,  at the same time introduces the problems which are appeared in the debugging process and  the solutions of the problems . The design has the advantages of clear , high reliability, strong stability, and the above-mentioned functions are realized through the debugging.

Key words: Stepping motor; Pulse-width modulated; driving mechanism; singlechip; rotation

目  錄

1 引言 1

1.1 課題研究的目的和意義 1

1.2 國內(nèi)外研究概況 1

2 步進電機與單片機簡介 1

2.1 步進電機介紹 1

2.2步進電機驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)介紹 6

2.3 單片機原理 8

3硬件電路的設(shè)計 12

3.1 系統(tǒng)整圖 12

3.2 電源部分 12

3.3 最小系統(tǒng) 13

3.4 驅(qū)動部分 14

3.5 狀態(tài)指示部分 14

3.6 按鍵部分 14

3.7 時鐘部分 15

3.8 復(fù)位部分 15

3.9 keil-uvision簡介與調(diào)試 15

3.10 proteus仿真步進電機正轉(zhuǎn) 16

3.11 proteus仿真步進電機反轉(zhuǎn) 17

3.12 proteus仿真總圖與proteus簡介 17

4軟件設(shè)計 23

4.1 系統(tǒng)開發(fā)軟硬件環(huán)境 23

4.2 系統(tǒng)程序框圖 24

4.3 系統(tǒng)程序 25

6 結(jié)論 31

參 考 文 獻 33

致  謝 34