摘   要

多功能醫(yī)用護(hù)理床是一種針對(duì)危重病人和癱瘓病人的特殊需要而設(shè)計(jì)的，能隨意調(diào)節(jié)床的背部和腳部的角度。即使不能自理者，護(hù)理人員也可通過床邊的控制器進(jìn)行操作，減少照顧病、殘患者的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。本文針對(duì)上述情況，提出了一種新型的多功能醫(yī)用護(hù)理床，采用三維數(shù)字化設(shè)計(jì)軟件soliderworks對(duì)其進(jìn)行建模和裝配，然后導(dǎo)出到CAD進(jìn)行修改。利用機(jī)械分析軟件ADAMS對(duì)其進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)及動(dòng)力學(xué)分析，研究了床板在各種運(yùn)動(dòng)狀況下的角加速度對(duì)患者舒適度的影響及線性推桿在各姿態(tài)下的受力狀況，并利用ADAMS提供的優(yōu)化功能對(duì)其分別進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)優(yōu)化；以角加速度最大值的最小化作為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)函數(shù)進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)優(yōu)化，以線性推桿受力的最大值最小化作為動(dòng)力學(xué)優(yōu)化目標(biāo)函數(shù)，得到滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求的機(jī)構(gòu)參數(shù)。采用力學(xué)理論分別對(duì)多功能醫(yī)用護(hù)理床的主要零件進(jìn)行力學(xué)計(jì)算，保證了機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)動(dòng)的安全性及穩(wěn)定性?？刂葡到y(tǒng)采用單片機(jī)控制，通過單片機(jī)控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)各個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)，安裝傳感器來控制機(jī)構(gòu)所轉(zhuǎn)過的角度。利用單片機(jī)為主的控制系統(tǒng)，達(dá)到控制要求。

關(guān)鍵詞：多功能醫(yī)用護(hù)理床，干涉檢驗(yàn)，運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)優(yōu)化，動(dòng)力學(xué)優(yōu)化，控制系統(tǒng)

ABSTRACT

Multifunction Nursing-bed is designed for those critically ill patients and the special needs of paralyzed patients designed bed is able to adjust the angle of the back and feet. Even if we can not take care of themselves, the nursing staff can also be operated bedside controller to reduce the care of sick and disabled patients with the labor intensity. In this paper, the above situation, a new type of multi-functional medical care beds, the use of digital three-dimensional design software for modeling and soliderworks its assembly, then export to CAD and correct it. the mechanical analysis software ADAMS kinematics and dynamics of its analysis, research of the bed board in the under a wide variety of sports on the angular acceleration of the impact of patient comfort and linear putter in the posture of the force, and provided the use of optimization ADAMS conducted its kinematic and dynamic optimization; to angular acceleration The minimum value of objective function as for kinematic optimization, linear putting maximum stress as a dynamic optimization to minimize the objective function. Have to meet the design requirements of the body parameters. Finite calibration methods of mechanics of materials, respectively, of multi-bed medical care for the mechanical parts of the main check to ensure the safety of the movement and stability. Control system adopts microcomputer control, through MCU control, to achieve the movement of various agencies, to install sensors to control the body turn angle. Use of microcomputer-based control system to control demand.

Key words: Multifunction Nursing-bed, interfere check, kinematics optimization, dynamics optimization, control system

目錄

1 緒論 1

1.1 課題的目的及意義 1

1.2 國內(nèi)外研究狀況及發(fā)展趨勢(shì) 1

1.3 本文主要研究內(nèi)容 6

1.4 本章小結(jié) 6

2 護(hù)理床結(jié)構(gòu)的整體方案 7

2.1 護(hù)理要求 7

2.2 護(hù)理床的總體方案構(gòu)思 7

2.3 本章小結(jié) 9

3 護(hù)理床的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 10

3.1 引言 10

3.2 側(cè)翻機(jī)構(gòu) 10

3.3 抬背機(jī)構(gòu) 11

3.4 曲腿機(jī)構(gòu) 13

3.5護(hù)理床的三維建模 14

3.6 本章小結(jié) 16

4 護(hù)理床運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)優(yōu)化 17

4.1 引言 17

4.2側(cè)翻機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 17

4.3抬背機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 23

4.4曲腿機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析 26

4.5本章小結(jié) 29

5 護(hù)理床動(dòng)力學(xué)優(yōu)化 30

5.1引言 30

5.2側(cè)翻機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析 30

5.3抬背機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析 32

5.4曲腿機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)力學(xué)分析 34

5.5本章小結(jié) 36

6 護(hù)理床的力學(xué)分析 37

6.1 引言 37

6.2 力學(xué)計(jì)算 37

6.3 本章小結(jié) 40

7 護(hù)理床控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 41

7.1 引言 41

7.2 直流電機(jī)控制原理 41

7.3 控制系統(tǒng)方案 41

7.4 控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 43

7.5 控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 48

7.6 本章小結(jié) 52

8 結(jié)論 53

8.1 課題結(jié)論 53

8.2課題展望 53

參考文獻(xiàn) 54

致謝 56